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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Care for older adults is high on the global policy agenda. Active involvement of older adults and their informal caregivers in policy-making can lead to cost-effective health and long-term care interventions. Yet, approaches for their involvement in health policy development have yet to be extensively explored. This review maps the literature on strategies for older adults (65+ years) and informal caregivers\' involvement in health policy development.
METHODS: As part of the European Union TRANS-SENIOR program, a scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute\'s methodology. Published and grey literature was searched, and eligible studies were screened. Data were extracted from included studies and analysed using the Multidimensional Framework for Patient and Family Engagement in Health and Healthcare.
RESULTS: A total of 13 engagement strategies were identified from 11 publications meeting the inclusion criteria. They were categorized as \"traditional\", \"deliberative\" and \"others\", adopting the World Bank\'s categorization of engagement methods. Older adults and informal caregivers are often consulted to elicit opinions and identify priorities. However, their involvement in policy formulation, implementation and evaluation is unclear from the available literature. Findings indicate that older adults and their informal caregivers do not often have equal influence and shared leadership in policy-making.
CONCLUSIONS: Although approaches for involving older adults and their informal caregivers\' involvement were synthesized from literature, we found next to no information about their involvement in policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. Findings will guide future research in addressing identified gaps and guide policy-makers in identifying and incorporating engagement strategies to support evidence-informed policy-making processes that can improve health outcomes for older adults/informal caregivers.
METHODS: As part of the European Union TRANS-SENIOR program, a scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute\'s methodology. Published and grey literature was searched, and eligible studies were screened. Data were extracted from included studies and analysed using the Multidimensional Framework for Patient and Family Engagement in Health and Healthcare.
RESULTS: A total of 13 engagement strategies were identified from 11 publications meeting the inclusion criteria. They were categorized as \"traditional\", \"deliberative\" and \"others\", adopting the World Bank\'s categorization of engagement methods. Older adults and informal caregivers are often consulted to elicit opinions and identify priorities. However, their involvement in policy formulation, implementation and evaluation is unclear from the available literature. Findings indicate that older adults and their informal caregivers do not often have equal influence and shared leadership in policy-making.
CONCLUSIONS: Although approaches for involving older adults and their informal caregivers\' involvement were synthesized from literature, we found next to no information about their involvement in policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. Findings will guide future research in addressing identified gaps and guide policy-makers in identifying and incorporating engagement strategies to support evidence-informed policy-making processes that can improve health outcomes for older adults/informal caregivers.
摘要：
背景：老年人护理是全球政策议程上的重中之重。老年人及其非正式照顾者积极参与决策，可导致具有成本效益的健康和长期护理干预措施。然而，他们参与卫生政策制定的方法尚未得到广泛探索。这篇综述绘制了有关老年人（65岁以上）和非正式护理人员参与卫生政策制定的策略的文献。
方法：作为欧盟TRANS-SENIOR计划的一部分，使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法进行了范围审查。搜索了已出版和灰色文献，筛选合格的研究。从纳入的研究中提取数据，并使用患者和家庭参与健康和医疗保健的多维框架进行分析。
结果：从11份符合入选标准的出版物中确定了总共13种参与策略。他们被归类为“传统”，“审议”和“其他”，采用世界银行对参与方式的分类。经常与老年人和非正式护理人员协商，以征求意见并确定优先事项。然而,他们参与政策制定，从现有文献中不清楚实施和评估。调查结果表明，老年人及其非正式照顾者在决策中往往没有平等的影响力和共同的领导能力。
结论：尽管从文献中综合了涉及老年人及其非正式照顾者的方法，我们几乎没有发现有关他们参与政策制定的信息，实施和评估。研究结果将指导未来的研究，以解决已发现的差距，并指导决策者确定和纳入参与战略，以支持循证决策过程，以改善老年人/非正式护理人员的健康结果。
方法：作为欧盟TRANS-SENIOR计划的一部分，使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法进行了范围审查。搜索了已出版和灰色文献，筛选合格的研究。从纳入的研究中提取数据，并使用患者和家庭参与健康和医疗保健的多维框架进行分析。
结果：从11份符合入选标准的出版物中确定了总共13种参与策略。他们被归类为“传统”，“审议”和“其他”，采用世界银行对参与方式的分类。经常与老年人和非正式护理人员协商，以征求意见并确定优先事项。然而,他们参与政策制定，从现有文献中不清楚实施和评估。调查结果表明，老年人及其非正式照顾者在决策中往往没有平等的影响力和共同的领导能力。
结论：尽管从文献中综合了涉及老年人及其非正式照顾者的方法，我们几乎没有发现有关他们参与政策制定的信息，实施和评估。研究结果将指导未来的研究，以解决已发现的差距，并指导决策者确定和纳入参与战略，以支持循证决策过程，以改善老年人/非正式护理人员的健康结果。
