PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing interest in transgender health research, to date little is known about the size of the transgender and gender diverse (TGD) population.
METHODS: A web-based questionnaire survey was developed, including a collection of socio-demographic characteristics and disseminated online through social media. Gender incongruence was evaluated by using a 2-item approach assessing gender recorded at birth and gender identity. The primary objective of the present population-based study was to estimate the proportion of TGD people across ages among a large sample of people who answered a web-based survey. The secondary endpoints were to identify gender-affirming needs and possible barriers to healthcare access.
RESULTS: A total of 19,572 individuals participated in the survey, of whom 7.7% reported a gender identity different from the sex recorded at birth. A significantly higher proportion of TGD people was observed in the youngest group of participants compared with older ones. Among TGD people who participated in the study, 58.4% were nonbinary, and 49.1% experienced discrimination in accessing health care services. Nonbinary TGD participants reported both the need for legal name and gender change, along with hormonal and surgical interventions less frequently compared to binary persons.
CONCLUSIONS: Being TGD is not a marginal condition In Italy. A large proportion of TGD persons may not need medical and surgical treatments. TGD people often experience barriers to healthcare access relating to gender identity.
METHODS: A web-based questionnaire survey was developed, including a collection of socio-demographic characteristics and disseminated online through social media. Gender incongruence was evaluated by using a 2-item approach assessing gender recorded at birth and gender identity. The primary objective of the present population-based study was to estimate the proportion of TGD people across ages among a large sample of people who answered a web-based survey. The secondary endpoints were to identify gender-affirming needs and possible barriers to healthcare access.
RESULTS: A total of 19,572 individuals participated in the survey, of whom 7.7% reported a gender identity different from the sex recorded at birth. A significantly higher proportion of TGD people was observed in the youngest group of participants compared with older ones. Among TGD people who participated in the study, 58.4% were nonbinary, and 49.1% experienced discrimination in accessing health care services. Nonbinary TGD participants reported both the need for legal name and gender change, along with hormonal and surgical interventions less frequently compared to binary persons.
CONCLUSIONS: Being TGD is not a marginal condition In Italy. A large proportion of TGD persons may not need medical and surgical treatments. TGD people often experience barriers to healthcare access relating to gender identity.
摘要：
背景：尽管人们对跨性别健康研究的兴趣日益浓厚，迄今为止，对跨性别和性别多样化（TGD）人口的规模知之甚少。
方法：开发了基于网络的问卷调查，包括一系列社会人口特征，并通过社交媒体在线传播。通过使用2项方法评估出生时记录的性别和性别认同来评估性别不一致。本基于人群的研究的主要目的是估计TGD人群在回答基于网络的调查的大样本人群中的不同年龄比例。次要终点是确定性别确认需求和获得医疗保健的可能障碍。
结果:共有19,572人参与了调查,其中7.7%的人报告的性别认同与出生时记录的性别不同。与年龄较大的参与者相比，在最年轻的参与者组中观察到TGD的比例明显更高。在参与这项研究的TGD人中，58.4%是非二元的，49.1%的人在获得医疗保健服务方面遭受歧视。非二元TGD参与者报告了法律名称和性别变更的需要，与二元人群相比，激素和外科手术干预的频率较低。
结论：在意大利，TGD并不是一个边缘条件。很大比例的TGD人可能不需要药物和手术治疗。TGD人经常遇到与性别认同有关的医疗保健障碍。
方法：开发了基于网络的问卷调查，包括一系列社会人口特征，并通过社交媒体在线传播。通过使用2项方法评估出生时记录的性别和性别认同来评估性别不一致。本基于人群的研究的主要目的是估计TGD人群在回答基于网络的调查的大样本人群中的不同年龄比例。次要终点是确定性别确认需求和获得医疗保健的可能障碍。
结果:共有19,572人参与了调查,其中7.7%的人报告的性别认同与出生时记录的性别不同。与年龄较大的参与者相比，在最年轻的参与者组中观察到TGD的比例明显更高。在参与这项研究的TGD人中，58.4%是非二元的，49.1%的人在获得医疗保健服务方面遭受歧视。非二元TGD参与者报告了法律名称和性别变更的需要，与二元人群相比，激素和外科手术干预的频率较低。
结论：在意大利，TGD并不是一个边缘条件。很大比例的TGD人可能不需要药物和手术治疗。TGD人经常遇到与性别认同有关的医疗保健障碍。
