Abstract：
Drug abuse is considered a global health problem with serious social impact. In recent decades, changes in drug consumption patterns have shown a clear rising trend in the use of multiple drugs. Although the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay has evaluated cytotoxicity in drug abuse, there has not been an approach that takes into account this pattern of multiple drug use. Therefore, in this study, we evaluate for the first time the cytogenotoxic effects in multidrug users, and its correlation with the amount consumed and years of abuse. This study was conducted on 166 individuals by the BMCyt assay. A total of 83 individuals with a history of multiple licit (alcohol and tobacco) and at least one illicit drug abuse (marijuana, methamphetamines, cocaine, and/or inhalants), and 83 healthy individuals, non-drug abusers were analyzed. The results showed that drug abusers had higher frequencies of nuclear abnormalities nuclear buds, binucleated cells, pyknotic nuclei (PNs), karyorrhexis (KX), and abnormally condensed chromatin when compared with healthy controls. Moreover, results suggests that the use of licit and illicit drugs is related to cytogenotoxic damage, as was shown by an upward trend in the frequency of nuclear abnormalities identified in groups 1 (alcohol + tobacco + at least one illicit drug) and 2 (tobacco + at least one illicit drug). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found in the different groups, between the years and the amount of consumption of some drugs (alcohol, methamphetamine, and tobacco) with cytotoxicity markers such as KL, KX, and PNs.
摘要：
药物滥用被认为是具有严重社会影响的全球健康问题。近几十年来,药物消费模式的变化在多种药物的使用中显示出明显的上升趋势。尽管口腔微核细胞组（BMCyt）分析已经评估了药物滥用中的细胞毒性，没有一种方法考虑到这种多种药物使用模式。因此,在这项研究中，我们首次评估了多种药物使用者的细胞遗传毒性效应，及其与消费金额和滥用年限的相关性。本研究通过BMCyt测定对166个个体进行。共有83名个人，有多种合法（酒精和烟草）和至少一种非法药物滥用（大麻，甲基苯丙胺,可卡因,和/或吸入剂)，和83个健康个体，分析了非药物滥用者。结果表明,吸毒者核异常核芽的频率较高,双核细胞，固缩核(PNs)，karyorrhexis（KX），与健康对照组相比，染色质异常浓缩。此外，结果表明，合法和非法药物的使用与细胞基因毒性损害有关，在第1组(酒精+烟草+至少一种非法药物)和第2组(烟草+至少一种非法药物)中发现的核异常频率呈上升趋势。此外，在不同的群体中发现了正相关，在年份和某些药物的消费量之间(酒精，甲基苯丙胺,和烟草）具有细胞毒性标记，如KL，KX,和PNs。
