PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: In children under 20 years, refractive development targets a cycloplegic refractive error of +0.5 to +1.5D, while presbyopes over 40 years generally have non-cycloplegic errors of ≥ +1D. Some papers suggest these periods are separated by a period of myopic refractive error (i.e., ≤ -0.50D), but this remains unclear. Hence, this work investigates the mean cycloplegic refractive error in adults aged between 20 - 40 years.
METHODS: In 2002 a cross-sectional study with stratified cluster sampling was performed on the population of Tehran, providing cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refractive error data for the right eyes of 3,576 participants, aged 30.6±18.6 years (range: 1-86 years). After grouping these data into age groups of 5 years, the refractive error histogram of each group was fitted to a Bigaussian function. The mean of the central, emmetropized peak was used to estimate the mean refractive error without the influence of myopia.
RESULTS: The mean cycloplegic refractive error at the emmetropized peak decreased from +1.10±0.11D (95 % confidence interval) to +0.50±0.04D before 20 years and remains stable at that value until the age of 50 years. The non-cycloplegic refractive error also sees a stable phase at 0.00±0.04D between 15 - 45 years. After 45 - 50 years both cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refractive error become more hypermetropic over time, +1.14±0.12D at 75 years.
CONCLUSIONS: The cycloplegic refractive error in adults is about +0.50D between 20 - 50 years, disproving the existence of the myopic period at those ages.
METHODS: In 2002 a cross-sectional study with stratified cluster sampling was performed on the population of Tehran, providing cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refractive error data for the right eyes of 3,576 participants, aged 30.6±18.6 years (range: 1-86 years). After grouping these data into age groups of 5 years, the refractive error histogram of each group was fitted to a Bigaussian function. The mean of the central, emmetropized peak was used to estimate the mean refractive error without the influence of myopia.
RESULTS: The mean cycloplegic refractive error at the emmetropized peak decreased from +1.10±0.11D (95 % confidence interval) to +0.50±0.04D before 20 years and remains stable at that value until the age of 50 years. The non-cycloplegic refractive error also sees a stable phase at 0.00±0.04D between 15 - 45 years. After 45 - 50 years both cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic refractive error become more hypermetropic over time, +1.14±0.12D at 75 years.
CONCLUSIONS: The cycloplegic refractive error in adults is about +0.50D between 20 - 50 years, disproving the existence of the myopic period at those ages.
摘要：
目标：在20岁以下的儿童中，屈光发育目标为+0.5至+1.5D的睫状肌麻痹屈光不正，而40岁以上的老年期通常有≥1D的非睫状肌麻痹错误。一些论文认为这些时期被近视屈光不正的时期分开(即，≤-0.50D),但这还不清楚。因此，这项工作调查了20-40岁成年人的平均睫状肌麻痹屈光不正。
方法：在2002年，对德黑兰的人口进行了分层整群抽样的横断面研究，为3,576名参与者的右眼提供睫状肌麻痹和非睫状肌麻痹的屈光不正数据，年龄30.6±18.6岁（范围：1-86岁）。在将这些数据分为5岁年龄组后，每组屈光不正直方图均拟合Bigaussian函数.中央的意思，在没有近视影响的情况下，使用正视峰值来估计平均屈光不正。
结果：在20年前，直视峰处的平均睫状肌麻痹屈光不正从1.10±0.11D（95％置信区间）下降到0.50±0.04D，并在该值下保持稳定，直到50岁。非睫状肌麻痹性屈光不正也在15-45年之间观察到0.00±0.04D的稳定阶段。45-50年后，随着时间的推移，睫状肌麻痹和非睫状肌麻痹的屈光不正变得更加远视。75岁时+1.14±0.12D。
结论：成人的睫状肌麻痹性屈光不正在20-50岁之间约为+0.50D，证明了近视时期在那些年龄段的存在。
方法：在2002年，对德黑兰的人口进行了分层整群抽样的横断面研究，为3,576名参与者的右眼提供睫状肌麻痹和非睫状肌麻痹的屈光不正数据，年龄30.6±18.6岁（范围：1-86岁）。在将这些数据分为5岁年龄组后，每组屈光不正直方图均拟合Bigaussian函数.中央的意思，在没有近视影响的情况下，使用正视峰值来估计平均屈光不正。
结果：在20年前，直视峰处的平均睫状肌麻痹屈光不正从1.10±0.11D（95％置信区间）下降到0.50±0.04D，并在该值下保持稳定，直到50岁。非睫状肌麻痹性屈光不正也在15-45年之间观察到0.00±0.04D的稳定阶段。45-50年后，随着时间的推移，睫状肌麻痹和非睫状肌麻痹的屈光不正变得更加远视。75岁时+1.14±0.12D。
结论：成人的睫状肌麻痹性屈光不正在20-50岁之间约为+0.50D，证明了近视时期在那些年龄段的存在。
