PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Discrimination and inequality have been identified as significant problems faced by transgender individuals in sports participation. However, uncertainties remain regarding the effectiveness of interventions aimed at promoting equality.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the experiences of transgender athletes in sports, focusing on mental health issues and factors contributing to inequality among transgender and other sexual minorities.
METHODS: The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and searched 10 electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, to identify eligible studies published between 2005 and 2022. The search yielded 1430 articles, of which only 12 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review.
RESULTS: The meta-analysis of the 12 studies included in this review revealed that transgender athletes faced social discrimination and inequality in sports participation, resulting in mental health problems and higher rates of suicide. From a cohort of 21,565 participants in the studies, 7152 (33%) were subjected to discrimination in sports participation and healthcare, with a rate of 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35, 0.81). However, transgender athletes who felt welcomed and embraced by their respective teams accounted for 0.39 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.65). These results indicated significant differences between how transgender athletes are treated in healthcare settings and when participating in sports.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings underscore the need for policies, cultural research, and interventions to address discrimination and inequality faced by transgender athletes in sports participation. Promoting equality and safeguarding the rights of transgender athletes can mitigate the risk of mental health problems and increase physical activity among sexual minorities.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the experiences of transgender athletes in sports, focusing on mental health issues and factors contributing to inequality among transgender and other sexual minorities.
METHODS: The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and searched 10 electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, to identify eligible studies published between 2005 and 2022. The search yielded 1430 articles, of which only 12 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review.
RESULTS: The meta-analysis of the 12 studies included in this review revealed that transgender athletes faced social discrimination and inequality in sports participation, resulting in mental health problems and higher rates of suicide. From a cohort of 21,565 participants in the studies, 7152 (33%) were subjected to discrimination in sports participation and healthcare, with a rate of 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35, 0.81). However, transgender athletes who felt welcomed and embraced by their respective teams accounted for 0.39 (95% CI: 0.19, 0.65). These results indicated significant differences between how transgender athletes are treated in healthcare settings and when participating in sports.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings underscore the need for policies, cultural research, and interventions to address discrimination and inequality faced by transgender athletes in sports participation. Promoting equality and safeguarding the rights of transgender athletes can mitigate the risk of mental health problems and increase physical activity among sexual minorities.
摘要：
背景：歧视和不平等已被认为是跨性别者在体育参与中面临的重大问题。然而,在旨在促进平等的干预措施的有效性方面仍然存在不确定性。
目的：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在研究跨性别运动员在运动中的经验，关注心理健康问题和导致变性者和其他性少数群体之间不平等的因素。
方法：该研究遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目，并检索了10个电子数据库，包括PubMed,谷歌学者，和WebofScience,确定2005年至2022年之间发表的合格研究。搜索产生了1430篇文章，其中只有12项研究符合本综述的纳入标准.
结果：对这篇综述中包含的12项研究的荟萃分析显示，跨性别运动员在体育参与方面面临社会歧视和不平等，导致心理健康问题和更高的自杀率。来自21,565名研究参与者的队列，7152人（33%）在体育参与和医疗保健方面受到歧视，率为0.61(95%置信区间[CI]：0.35，0.81)。然而,感到受到各自团队欢迎和拥抱的变性运动员占0.39(95%CI:0.19,0.65).这些结果表明，跨性别运动员在医疗机构中的待遇与参加体育运动之间存在显着差异。
结论：研究结果强调了政策的必要性，文化研究,和干预措施，以解决跨性别运动员在体育参与中面临的歧视和不平等。促进平等和维护变性运动员的权利可以减轻心理健康问题的风险，并增加性少数群体的体育活动。
目的：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在研究跨性别运动员在运动中的经验，关注心理健康问题和导致变性者和其他性少数群体之间不平等的因素。
方法：该研究遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）指南的首选报告项目，并检索了10个电子数据库，包括PubMed,谷歌学者，和WebofScience,确定2005年至2022年之间发表的合格研究。搜索产生了1430篇文章，其中只有12项研究符合本综述的纳入标准.
结果：对这篇综述中包含的12项研究的荟萃分析显示，跨性别运动员在体育参与方面面临社会歧视和不平等，导致心理健康问题和更高的自杀率。来自21,565名研究参与者的队列，7152人（33%）在体育参与和医疗保健方面受到歧视，率为0.61(95%置信区间[CI]：0.35，0.81)。然而,感到受到各自团队欢迎和拥抱的变性运动员占0.39(95%CI:0.19,0.65).这些结果表明，跨性别运动员在医疗机构中的待遇与参加体育运动之间存在显着差异。
结论：研究结果强调了政策的必要性，文化研究,和干预措施，以解决跨性别运动员在体育参与中面临的歧视和不平等。促进平等和维护变性运动员的权利可以减轻心理健康问题的风险，并增加性少数群体的体育活动。
