PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
We sought to examine the effects of daily consumption of macadamia nuts on body weight and composition, plasma lipids and glycaemic parameters in a free-living environment in overweight and obese adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk. Utilising a randomised cross-over design, thirty-five adults with abdominal obesity consumed their usual diet plus macadamia nuts (~15 % of daily calories) for 8 weeks (intervention) and their usual diet without nuts for 8 weeks (control), with a 2-week washout. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance; dietary intake was assessed with 24-h dietary recalls. Consumption of macadamia nuts led to increased total fat and MUFA intake while SFA intake was unaltered. With mixed model regression analysis, no significant changes in mean weight, BMI, waist circumference, percent body fat or glycaemic parameters, and non-significant reductions in plasma total cholesterol of 2⋅1 % (-4⋅3 mg/dl; 95 % CI -14⋅8, 6⋅1) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) of 4 % (-4⋅7 mg/dl; 95 % CI -14⋅3, 4⋅8) were observed. Cholesterol-lowering effects were modified by adiposity: greater lipid lowering occurred in those with overweight v. obesity, and in those with less than the median percent body fat. Daily consumption of macadamia nuts does not lead to gains in weight or body fat under free-living conditions in overweight or obese adults; non-significant cholesterol lowering occurred without altering saturated fat intake of similar magnitude to cholesterol lowering seen with other nuts. Clinical Trial Registry Number and Website: NCT03801837 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03801837?term = macadamia + nut&draw = 2&rank = 1.
摘要：
我们试图研究每日食用澳洲坚果对体重和成分的影响，超重和肥胖成年人在自由生活环境中的血浆脂质和血糖参数在心脏代谢风险升高。利用随机交叉设计，35名患有腹部肥胖的成年人在8周（干预）内消耗了通常的饮食加澳洲坚果（约占每日卡路里的15％），在8周（对照）内没有坚果的日常饮食，进行了2周的冲洗。通过生物电阻抗确定身体成分；通过24小时饮食回顾评估饮食摄入量。食用澳洲坚果导致总脂肪和MUFA摄入量增加，而SFA摄入量不变。通过混合模型回归分析，平均体重没有显著变化，BMI,腰围,身体脂肪百分比或血糖参数，血浆总胆固醇无明显下降2·1％（-4·3mg/dl；95％CI-14·8，6·1）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）4％（-4·7mg/dl；95％CI-14·3，4·8）。降低胆固醇的作用因肥胖而改变：在超重和肥胖的人群中发生了更大的降脂作用。以及那些身体脂肪百分比低于中位数的人。在超重或肥胖的成年人的自由生活条件下，每天食用澳洲坚果不会导致体重或体脂肪增加；在没有改变饱和脂肪摄入量与其他坚果降低胆固醇的幅度相似的情况下，发生了不显著的胆固醇降低。临床试验登记号和网站:NCT03801837https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03801837?term=澳洲坚果+坚果&draw=2&rank=1。
