Abstract：
In the past, studies on antimicrobial resistance were carried out on pathogens in the clinical areas. However, since then, this phenomenon has become a general case both in the environment and in the food sector. This systematic review aimed to review the various scientific publications on the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics in foods in West Africa.
An extensive literature search was carried out through an electronic database including PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and African Journals Online (AJOL). Articles published from fifteen countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) between 2010 and 2020 on antibiotic resistance of foodborne pathogens were included in the study. The titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles and then the full texts of the selected articles were reviewed.
Out of the 565 articles found in our initial research, 149 publications (26.55%) were considered suitable for inclusion in this review. Globally, 2018, 2019, and 2020 had more included papers (n = 21 to 25) than the other years. Of the 149 publications analyzed, four types of food commodities were identified as products of high consumption based on the number of publications in the field such as poultry (39/149), read-to-eat food (22/149), meat, and animal products (20/149). Most studies have shown that E. coli has the highest prevalence followed by Salmonella and Staphylococcus. Only 33 (22.14%) of the 149 publications were based on further molecular characterization of the isolates. Publications analyzed showed that the most prevalent detected genes were tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(K) blaTEM, catA1, catA2, cmlA, blaCTXM and qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, parC, and qepA4.
From these results, antibiotic use in the food areas must be strongly regulated, especially in developing countries, particularly in Africa. This highlights the need to implement suitable and appropriate control strategies to reduce complications and prevent the dissemination of resistant bacteria isolates in foods. One health antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in the region must be a great concern.
An extensive literature search was carried out through an electronic database including PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and African Journals Online (AJOL). Articles published from fifteen countries of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) between 2010 and 2020 on antibiotic resistance of foodborne pathogens were included in the study. The titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles and then the full texts of the selected articles were reviewed.
Out of the 565 articles found in our initial research, 149 publications (26.55%) were considered suitable for inclusion in this review. Globally, 2018, 2019, and 2020 had more included papers (n = 21 to 25) than the other years. Of the 149 publications analyzed, four types of food commodities were identified as products of high consumption based on the number of publications in the field such as poultry (39/149), read-to-eat food (22/149), meat, and animal products (20/149). Most studies have shown that E. coli has the highest prevalence followed by Salmonella and Staphylococcus. Only 33 (22.14%) of the 149 publications were based on further molecular characterization of the isolates. Publications analyzed showed that the most prevalent detected genes were tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(K) blaTEM, catA1, catA2, cmlA, blaCTXM and qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, parC, and qepA4.
From these results, antibiotic use in the food areas must be strongly regulated, especially in developing countries, particularly in Africa. This highlights the need to implement suitable and appropriate control strategies to reduce complications and prevent the dissemination of resistant bacteria isolates in foods. One health antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in the region must be a great concern.
摘要：
目标：在过去，在临床领域对病原菌进行了耐药性研究。然而,从那以后,这种现象已成为环境和食品行业的普遍情况。本系统综述旨在回顾有关西非食品中细菌对抗生素耐药性的各种科学出版物。
方法：通过包括PubMed在内的电子数据库进行了广泛的文献检索，谷歌学者，研究门,非洲期刊在线（AJOL）。该研究纳入了西非国家经济共同体（ECOWAS）的15个国家在2010年至2020年之间发表的有关食源性病原体抗生素耐药性的文章。检索到的文章的标题和摘要，然后对选定的文章的全文进行了审查。
结果：在我们最初的研究中发现的565篇文章中，149篇出版物（26.55%）被认为适合纳入这篇综述。全球范围内,2018年、2019年和2020年的收录论文（n=21至25）比其他年份多。在分析的149份出版物中，根据该领域的出版物数量，如家禽(39/149)，四类食品被确定为高消费产品，即食食品（22/149），肉，和动物产品（20/149）。大多数研究表明，大肠杆菌的患病率最高，其次是沙门氏菌和葡萄球菌。149种出版物中只有33种（22.14％）是基于分离株的进一步分子表征。分析的出版物显示，检测到的最普遍的基因是tet（A），tet(B),tet(C),tet(K)blaTEM,catA1,catA2,cmlA,blaCTXM和qnrA，qnrB,qnrS,ParC,qepA4
结论：从这些结果来看，必须严格监管食品领域的抗生素使用，特别是在发展中国家，尤其是在非洲。这突出表明需要实施适当和适当的控制策略，以减少并发症并防止食物中耐药细菌分离株的传播。该地区的一个卫生抗菌素耐药性监测系统必须引起极大关注。
方法：通过包括PubMed在内的电子数据库进行了广泛的文献检索，谷歌学者，研究门,非洲期刊在线（AJOL）。该研究纳入了西非国家经济共同体（ECOWAS）的15个国家在2010年至2020年之间发表的有关食源性病原体抗生素耐药性的文章。检索到的文章的标题和摘要，然后对选定的文章的全文进行了审查。
结果：在我们最初的研究中发现的565篇文章中，149篇出版物（26.55%）被认为适合纳入这篇综述。全球范围内,2018年、2019年和2020年的收录论文（n=21至25）比其他年份多。在分析的149份出版物中，根据该领域的出版物数量，如家禽(39/149)，四类食品被确定为高消费产品，即食食品（22/149），肉，和动物产品（20/149）。大多数研究表明，大肠杆菌的患病率最高，其次是沙门氏菌和葡萄球菌。149种出版物中只有33种（22.14％）是基于分离株的进一步分子表征。分析的出版物显示，检测到的最普遍的基因是tet（A），tet(B),tet(C),tet(K)blaTEM,catA1,catA2,cmlA,blaCTXM和qnrA，qnrB,qnrS,ParC,qepA4
结论：从这些结果来看，必须严格监管食品领域的抗生素使用，特别是在发展中国家，尤其是在非洲。这突出表明需要实施适当和适当的控制策略，以减少并发症并防止食物中耐药细菌分离株的传播。该地区的一个卫生抗菌素耐药性监测系统必须引起极大关注。
