Abstract：
Social information has substantial influences on prosocial behavior. In this study, we performed an event-related potential (ERP) experiment to examine the effect of social influence on giving. The participants were allowed to form an initial decision on how much money to donate to a charity provided the program\'s average donation amount and to make a second donation decision. Social influence varied in different directions (upward, downward and equal) by altering the relative donation amount between the average donation amount and the participants\' first donation amount. The behavioral results showed that participants increased their donation amount in the upward condition and decreased it in the downward condition. The ERP results revealed that upward social information evoked larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) amplitudes and smaller P3 amplitudes than in the downward and equal conditions. Furthermore, the pressure ratings, rather than the happiness ratings, were associated with the FRN patterns across the three conditions. We argue that people in social situations are more likely to increase their donations owing to pressure than voluntary altruism. Our study provides the first ERP evidence that different directions of social information evoke different neural responses in time course processing.
摘要：
社会信息对亲社会行为有重大影响。在这项研究中,我们进行了事件相关电位(ERP)实验,以检验社会影响对给予的影响.参与者被允许就向慈善机构捐赠多少钱做出初步决定，只要该计划的平均捐赠金额，并做出第二次捐赠决定。社会影响力在不同的方向上变化(向上，向下和相等)通过改变平均捐赠金额和参与者的第一次捐赠金额之间的相对捐赠金额。行为结果显示，参与者在上升状态下增加了捐赠金额，在下降状态下减少了捐赠金额。ERP结果表明，与向下和相等的条件相比，向上的社会信息引起的反馈相关的负（FRN）幅度更大，P3幅度更小。此外，压力额定值，而不是幸福评级，与这三个条件下的FRN模式相关。我们认为，与自愿利他主义相比，处于社交场合的人们更有可能因压力而增加捐款。我们的研究提供了第一个ERP证据，表明社会信息的不同方向在时程处理中引起不同的神经反应。
