PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Attempts to control cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by Echinococcus granulosus in the Falkland Islands have been ongoing for over 50 years. No human cases have been recorded since the 1980s but there is a need to establish if the parasite has been completely eliminated from domestic animals. A study was carried out in 2018/2019 to identify dogs infected with E. granulosus using copro-antigen and copro-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. In addition, annual slaughter data were analysed to establish infection levels of E. granulosus and 2 other taeniid parasites. Results showed that 4 out of 589 dogs (0.7%) tested positive by copro-antigen analysis. Results from similar surveys carried out in 2010, 2012 and 2014 showed 17 (3%), 0 and 6 (1%) copro-antigen-positive dogs, respectively, with 8 dogs being confirmed by PCR in 2010. Annual abattoir data showed that from 2006 to 2020, 36 sheep were identified with E. granulosus (mean 0.0055%), 14 186 sheep with Taenia hydatigena (mean 2.2%) and 465 with Taenia ovis (mean 0.072%). Prevalences of T. hydatigena and T. ovis showed spontaneous rises in certain years where the infections could also be detected in lambs indicating that viable taeniid eggs were present. Observations of farm management procedures indicated that there were occasions when dogs could get access to infective taeniid material. In conclusion, E. granulosus is still present in sheep and dogs but at low prevalences. The increasing presence of T. hydatigena however, indicates that control measures are defective in some areas and there is potential for a re-emergence of CE.
摘要：
在福克兰群岛，控制细粒棘球蚴引起的囊性棘球蚴病（CE）的尝试已经进行了50多年。自1980年代以来，没有人类病例记录，但有必要确定这种寄生虫是否已从家畜中完全消除。在2018/2019年进行了一项研究，以使用共抗原和共聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析来鉴定感染细粒大肠杆菌的狗。此外,对每年的屠宰数据进行分析,以确定细粒大肠杆菌和2种其他大黄鱼寄生虫的感染水平.结果显示589只狗中的4只(0.7%)通过共同抗原分析检测为阳性。2010年、2012年和2014年进行的类似调查的结果显示17(3%)，0和6只（1％）共同抗原阳性的狗，分别,2010年通过PCR确认了8只狗。每年的屠宰场数据显示，从2006年到2020年，36只绵羊被鉴定为E.granulosus（平均0.0055％），14186只带棘球蚴的绵羊(平均2.2%)和465只带棘球蚴的绵羊(平均0.072%)。T.hyhypa和T.ovis的患病率在某些年份显示出自发的上升，在羔羊中也可以检测到感染，这表明存在活的taeniid卵。对农场管理程序的观察表明，有时狗可以接触到感染性大黄鱼。总之,E.granulosus仍然存在于绵羊和狗中，但患病率较低。然而，水母的存在越来越多，表明控制措施在某些领域存在缺陷，并且有可能重新出现CE。
