无论有效的驱虫药和狗主人和兽医采取的控制措施,胃肠寄生虫,尤其是人畜共患的蠕虫,在狗中仍然很丰富,对人类构成健康风险。农村地区的自由放养犬可能是蠕虫感染的重要来源。当前工作的目的是收集农村犬只,确定爱沙尼亚西部农村犬蠕虫感染造成的环境污染,分析饮食如何影响蠕虫感染率,并将研究结果与先前针对爱沙尼亚城市地区狗蠕虫的研究进行比较。为了区分狗的粪便和其他同伴犬科动物,应用了遗传方法。在328个样本中,基因分析确定了84只属于狗,其中87.0%感染了蠕虫。农村狗屎中藏有Taeniidae卵的比例很高(65.5%),其次是Trichurisspp。/Eucoleusspp.(15.5%),头孢钩虫(14.7%)和犬弓形虫(4.3%)。34.5%的样本发生共感染,最常见的是Taeniidae和U.stenocphala(41.4%)。强度模型表明,以啮齿动物和野味为食的农村犬的蠕虫感染率更高。与城市狗相比,农村的狗感染肠道寄生虫的可能性要高出九倍。这些结果强调需要采取措施减少生活在爱沙尼亚西部农村地区的狗的蠕虫感染。在一系列需要采取的措施中,我们建议,诊断哪些胃肠道寄生虫感染狗,以确定针对这些寄生虫的特定驱虫治疗方法也很重要。
Regardless of the highly efficient anthelmintics available and the control measures taken by dog owners and veterinarians, gastrointestinal parasites, especially zoonotic helminths, are still abundant in dogs and pose a health risk to humans. Free-ranging dogs in rural areas can be an important source of helminth infection. The aims of the present work were to collect scats of rural dogs, determine the environmental contamination caused by helminth infections among rural dogs of Western Estonia, analyse how diet affects helminth infection rate and compare the findings to a previous study focusing on dog helminths in urban areas of Estonia. To differentiate the scats of dogs from other sympatric canids, a genetic method was applied. Of 328 samples, genetic analysis identified 84 scats belonging to dogs, of which 87.0% were infected with helminths. A high proportion of rural dog scats harboured eggs of
Taeniidae (65.5%), followed by Trichuris spp./Eucoleus spp. (15.5%), Uncinaria stenocephala (14.7%) and Toxocara canis (4.3%). Coinfections occurred in 34.5% of the samples, being the most common between
Taeniidae and U. stenocephala (41.4%). The intensity model indicated higher helminth infection rate in rural dogs preying on rodents and game. In comparison to urban dogs, rural dogs were nine times more likely to be infected with intestinal parasites. These results emphasize the need to implement measures to reduce helminth infections in dogs living in rural areas of Western Estonia. Among a complex of measures to be taken, we suggest that it is also important to diagnose which gastrointestinal parasite species infect dogs to determine specific anthelmintic treatment against these parasites.