Abstract：
Crop yield and global food security are under constant threat from plant pathogens with the potential to cause epidemics. Traditional breeding for disease resistance can be too slow to counteract these emerging threats, resulting in the need to retool the plant immune system using bioengineered made-to-order immune receptors. Efforts to engineer immune receptors have focused primarily on nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors and proof-of-principles studies. Based upon a near-exhaustive literature search of previously engineered plant immune systems we distil five emerging principles in the design of bioengineered made-to-order plant NLRs and describe approaches based on other components. These emerging principles are anticipated to assist the functional understanding of plant immune receptors, as well as bioengineering novel disease resistance specificities.
摘要：
作物产量和全球粮食安全不断受到植物病原体的威胁，这些病原体有可能导致流行病。传统的抗病育种可能太慢，无法抵消这些新出现的威胁，导致需要使用生物工程定制的免疫受体来重新装备植物免疫系统。设计免疫受体的努力主要集中在核苷酸结合域和富含亮氨酸的重复（NLR）免疫受体和原理证明研究上。基于对先前工程化的植物免疫系统的近乎详尽的文献检索，我们在生物工程定制的植物NLR的设计中提炼了五个新兴原则，并描述了基于其他组件的方法。这些新出现的原理预计将有助于植物免疫受体的功能理解，以及生物工程新的抗病特异性。
