Abstract：
To work efficiently in healthcare organizations and optimize resources, team members should agree with their leader\'s decisions critically. However, nowadays, little evidence is available in the literature. This systematic review and meta-analysis has assessed the effectiveness of leadership interventions in improving healthcare outcomes such as performance and guidelines adherence. Overall, the search strategies retrieved 3,155 records, and 21 of them were included in the meta-analysis. Two databases were used for manuscript research: PubMed and Scopus. On 16th December 2019 the researchers searched for articles published in the English language from 2015 to 2019. Considering the study designs, the pooled leadership effectiveness was 14.0% (95%CI 10.0-18.0%) in before-after studies, whereas the correlation coefficient between leadership interventions and healthcare outcomes was 0.22 (95%CI 0.15-0.28) in the cross-sectional studies. The multi-regression analysis in the cross-sectional studies showed a higher leadership effectiveness in South America (β = 0.56; 95%CI 0.13, 0.99), in private hospitals (β = 0.60; 95%CI 0.14, 1.06), and in medical specialty (β = 0.28; 95%CI 0.02, 0.54). These results encourage the improvement of leadership culture to increase performance and guideline adherence in healthcare settings. To reach this purpose, it would be useful to introduce a leadership curriculum following undergraduate medical courses.
摘要：
为了在医疗机构中高效工作并优化资源，团队成员应该批判性地同意他们的领导者的决定。然而,如今,文献中几乎没有证据。这项系统评价和荟萃分析评估了领导力干预措施在改善绩效和指南依从性等医疗保健结果方面的有效性。总的来说,搜索策略检索到3155条记录,其中21例纳入荟萃分析.两个数据库用于手稿研究：PubMed和Scopus。2019年12月16日，研究人员搜索了2015年至2019年以英语发表的文章。考虑到研究设计，在前后研究中，汇总的领导有效性为14.0%(95CI10.0-18.0%)，而在横断面研究中,领导干预与医疗结局之间的相关系数为0.22(95CI0.15-0.28).横断面研究中的多元回归分析表明，南美的领导效能更高（β=0.56；95CI0.13，0.99），在私立医院(β=0.60；95CI0.14，1.06)，和医学专业（β=0.28；95CI0.02，0.54）。这些结果鼓励改善领导文化，以提高医疗保健环境中的绩效和指南依从性。为了达到这个目的,在本科医学课程之后引入领导力课程将是有用的。
