Abstract：
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in unprecedented hospitalizations, ventilator use, and deaths. Because of concerns for resource utilization and surges in hospital capacity use, Texas Executive Order GA-29 required statewide mask wear beginning July 3, 2020. Our objective was to compare COVID-19 case load, hospital bed use, and deaths before and after implementation of this mask order.
This was a retrospective observational study using publicly reported statewide data to perform a mixed-methods interrupted time series analysis. We compared outcomes before and after the statewide mask wear mandate per Executive Order GA-29. The preorder period was from June 19 to July 2, 2020. The postorder period was July 17 to September 17, 2020. Outcomes included daily COVID-19 case load, hospitalizations, and mortality.
The daily case load before the mask order per 100,000 individuals was 187.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 157.0-217.0) versus 200.7 (95% CI 179.8-221.6) after GA-29. The number of daily hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was 171.4 (95% CI 143.8-199.0) before GA-29 versus 225.1 (95% CI 202.9-247.3) after. Daily mortality was 2.4 (95% CI 1.9-2.9) before GA-29 versus 5.2 (95% CI 4.6-5.8). There was no material impact on our results after controlling for economic activity.
In both adjusted and unadjusted analyses, we were unable to detect a reduction in case load, hospitalization rates, or mortality associated with the implementation of an executive order requiring a statewide mask order. These results suggest that during a period of rapid virus spread, additional public health measures may be necessary to mitigate transmission at the population level.
This was a retrospective observational study using publicly reported statewide data to perform a mixed-methods interrupted time series analysis. We compared outcomes before and after the statewide mask wear mandate per Executive Order GA-29. The preorder period was from June 19 to July 2, 2020. The postorder period was July 17 to September 17, 2020. Outcomes included daily COVID-19 case load, hospitalizations, and mortality.
The daily case load before the mask order per 100,000 individuals was 187.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 157.0-217.0) versus 200.7 (95% CI 179.8-221.6) after GA-29. The number of daily hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was 171.4 (95% CI 143.8-199.0) before GA-29 versus 225.1 (95% CI 202.9-247.3) after. Daily mortality was 2.4 (95% CI 1.9-2.9) before GA-29 versus 5.2 (95% CI 4.6-5.8). There was no material impact on our results after controlling for economic activity.
In both adjusted and unadjusted analyses, we were unable to detect a reduction in case load, hospitalization rates, or mortality associated with the implementation of an executive order requiring a statewide mask order. These results suggest that during a period of rapid virus spread, additional public health measures may be necessary to mitigate transmission at the population level.
摘要：
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行导致了前所未有的住院治疗，呼吸机使用,和死亡。由于对资源利用的担忧和医院产能利用的激增，德克萨斯州行政命令GA-29要求从2020年7月3日开始在全州范围内佩戴口罩。我们的目标是比较COVID-19病例负荷，医院病床使用,以及执行该面具命令前后的死亡。
这是一项回顾性观察研究，使用公开报道的全州数据进行混合方法中断的时间序列分析。我们比较了根据行政命令GA-29在全州范围内佩戴口罩之前和之后的结果。预订期为2020年6月19日至7月2日。后订单期为2020年7月17日至9月17日。结果包括每日COVID-19病例负荷，住院治疗,和死亡率。
每100,000个人的口罩订单前的每日病例负荷为187.5（95％置信区间[CI]157.0-217.0），而GA-29后为200.7（95％CI179.8-221.6）。在GA-29之前，COVID-19的每日住院患者人数为171.4（95％CI143.8-199.0），而在GA-29之后为225.1（95％CI202.9-247.3）。GA-29之前的每日死亡率为2.4（95％CI1.9-2.9），与5.2（95％CI4.6-5.8）相比。在控制经济活动后，对我们的结果没有实质性影响。
在调整和未调整的分析中，我们无法检测到案例负载的减少，住院率，或与执行需要全州屏蔽令的行政命令相关的死亡率。这些结果表明，在病毒快速传播的时期，可能需要采取额外的公共卫生措施，以减轻人口一级的传播。
这是一项回顾性观察研究，使用公开报道的全州数据进行混合方法中断的时间序列分析。我们比较了根据行政命令GA-29在全州范围内佩戴口罩之前和之后的结果。预订期为2020年6月19日至7月2日。后订单期为2020年7月17日至9月17日。结果包括每日COVID-19病例负荷，住院治疗,和死亡率。
每100,000个人的口罩订单前的每日病例负荷为187.5（95％置信区间[CI]157.0-217.0），而GA-29后为200.7（95％CI179.8-221.6）。在GA-29之前，COVID-19的每日住院患者人数为171.4（95％CI143.8-199.0），而在GA-29之后为225.1（95％CI202.9-247.3）。GA-29之前的每日死亡率为2.4（95％CI1.9-2.9），与5.2（95％CI4.6-5.8）相比。在控制经济活动后，对我们的结果没有实质性影响。
在调整和未调整的分析中，我们无法检测到案例负载的减少，住院率，或与执行需要全州屏蔽令的行政命令相关的死亡率。这些结果表明，在病毒快速传播的时期，可能需要采取额外的公共卫生措施，以减轻人口一级的传播。
