Abstract：
In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was applied to extract bioactive substances with skin-whitening, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant effects from safflower seeds, and the extraction conditions were optimized by a central composite design. The independent variables, including extraction time (5.0~55.0 min), extraction temperature (26.0~94.0 °C), and ethanol concentration (0.0~100%), were optimized to increase tyrosinase activity inhibitory (TAI), collagenase activity inhibitory (CAI), and radical scavenging activity (RSA), which are indicators of skin-whitening, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant effects. An extraction time of 26.4 min, extraction temperature of 52.1 °C, and ethanol concentration of 50.7% were found to be optimum conditions of UAE, under which TAI, CAI, and RSA were 53.3%, 91.5%, and 27.7%, respectively. The extract produced by UAE was analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and maleic acid and levulinic acid were identified as the main substances. Therefore, UAE is evaluated as an effective process to extract skin-whitening, anti-wrinkle, and antioxidant substances from safflower seeds at lower temperatures and shorter extraction times compared to the conventional extraction methods. Overall, safflower seeds extract can be used as a material for value-added cosmetics, including maleic acid and levulinic acid, which have bioactive functions.
摘要：
在这项研究中,超声辅助提取（UAE）用于皮肤美白提取生物活性物质，抗皱,和红花种子的抗氧化作用，并通过中心组合设计优化了提取条件。独立变量，包括提取时间（5.0~55.0min），提取温度(26.0~94.0℃),乙醇浓度(0.0~100%),优化以增加酪氨酸酶抑制活性（TAI），胶原酶活性抑制（CAI），和自由基清除活性（RSA），这是皮肤美白的指标，抗皱,和抗氧化作用。提取时间为26.4min，提取温度为52.1°C，乙醇浓度为50.7%是UAE的最佳条件，在哪个TAI下，CAI,RSA为53.3%,91.5%,和27.7%，分别。UAE产生的提取物通过LC-MS/MS分析，马来酸和乙酰丙酸被确定为主要物质。因此,阿联酋被认为是提取皮肤美白的有效方法，抗皱,和抗氧化物质从红花种子在较低的温度和较短的提取时间相比，传统的提取方法。总的来说,红花种子提取物可用作增值化妆品的材料，包括马来酸和乙酰丙酸，具有生物活性功能。
