Abstract：
The cytoskeleton is an essential component of the cell and it is involved in multiple physiological functions, including intracellular organization and transport. It is composed of three main families of proteinaceous filaments; microtubules, actin filaments and intermediate filaments and their accessory proteins. Motor proteins, which comprise the dynein, kinesin and myosin superfamilies, are a remarkable group of accessory proteins that mainly mediate the intracellular transport of cargoes along with the cytoskeleton. Like other cellular structures and pathways, viruses can exploit the cytoskeleton to promote different steps of their life cycle through associations with motor proteins. The complexity of the cytoskeleton and the differences among viruses, however, has led to a wide diversity of interactions, which in most cases remain poorly understood. Unveiling the details of these interactions is necessary not only for a better comprehension of specific infections, but may also reveal new potential drug targets to fight dreadful diseases such as rabies disease and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In this review, we describe a few examples of the mechanisms that some human viruses, that is, rabies virus, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, human immunodeficiency virus, influenza A virus and papillomavirus, have developed to hijack dyneins, kinesins and myosins.
摘要：
细胞骨架是细胞的重要组成部分,参与多种生理功能,包括细胞内组织和运输。它由蛋白质细丝的三个主要家族组成；微管，肌动蛋白丝和中间丝及其辅助蛋白。运动蛋白,其中包括动力蛋白，驱动蛋白和肌球蛋白超家族，是一组显着的辅助蛋白，主要介导货物和细胞骨架的细胞内运输。像其他细胞结构和途径一样，病毒可以利用细胞骨架，通过与运动蛋白的联系来促进其生命周期的不同步骤。细胞骨架的复杂性和病毒之间的差异，然而,导致了广泛的互动，在大多数情况下仍然知之甚少。揭示这些相互作用的细节不仅是为了更好地理解特定感染，但也可能揭示新的潜在药物靶标，以对抗狂犬病和获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）等可怕疾病。在这次审查中,我们描述了一些人类病毒机制的例子，也就是说,狂犬病病毒,腺病毒，单纯疱疹病毒,人类免疫缺陷病毒，甲型流感病毒和乳头状瘤病毒，已经发展到劫持动力蛋白，驱动蛋白和肌球蛋白。
