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Abstract：
Periodontitis has been defined as the Sixth complication of Diabetes Mellitus. Since both diabetes mellitus and periodontitis have a high prevalence in the general population, the Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology and the Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists revised the present scientific literature in the present consensus report. A bi-directional interaction was demonstrated: Patients affected by type 1 and type 2 diabetes have a higher prevalence of periodontitis than the general population, due to several metabolic factors (e.g. chronic hyperglycemia, autoimmunity, dietary and life-style factors); similarly, periodontitis predisposes to type 2 diabetes mellitus mainly via the increase of systemic cytokines release. Conversely, improvement of metabolic control of diabetic patients delay the progression of periodontitis as well as periodontitis treatment reduces glycosylated hemoglobin levels in blood. Due to the bi-directional causal interaction between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus, a strict collaboration among dentists and diabetologists is required and strongly recommended. The inter-societies consensus proposes specific flow-diagrams to improve the treatment of patients and management of the general population regarding the issue of periodontitis and diabetes.
摘要：
牙周炎已被定义为糖尿病的第六并发症。由于糖尿病和牙周炎在普通人群中患病率很高，意大利糖尿病学会，意大利牙周学和种植学学会和意大利临床糖尿病专家协会在本共识报告中修订了本科学文献.证明了双向相互作用：受1型和2型糖尿病影响的患者牙周炎患病率高于普通人群，由于几种代谢因素(例如慢性高血糖，自身免疫,饮食和生活方式因素)；同样，牙周炎主要通过增加全身细胞因子的释放来诱发2型糖尿病。相反，改善糖尿病患者的代谢控制可延缓牙周炎的进展以及牙周炎治疗可降低血液中的糖化血红蛋白水平。由于牙周炎和糖尿病之间的双向因果相互作用，需要并强烈建议牙医和糖尿病专家之间的严格合作。社会间共识提出了具体的流程图，以改善牙周炎和糖尿病问题的患者治疗和普通人群的管理。
