Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Behavioral economics has shown that single-item demand indicators are promising for capturing crucial aspects of nicotine reinforcement. It is suggested that brief breakpoint measures perform comparably to full-length demand indices in characterizing nicotine dependence; however, there have been no thorough assessments of their validity in clinical settings.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the validity and accuracy of a single-item breakpoint in informing on tobacco demand.
METHODS: The sample consisted of 88 treatment-seeking smokers (% males = 70.5%) enrolled in substance use treatment. Participants provided data on smoking characteristics and completed the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, a single-item breakpoint measure and a 14-item cigarette purchase task (CPT). Hierarchical regressions were performed to compare the predictive capability of a single-item breakpoint and full-length tobacco demand indicators in determining nicotine addiction severity.
RESULTS: The single-item breakpoint was significantly correlated with all indices stemmed from the CPT and both latent factors (all r values = .250-.368). Neither the brief breakpoint nor the full-length breakpoint significantly predicted nicotine dependence. After controlling for sex and smoking variables, factor 2 [β = .565, p < .001] and its observed variables Omax [β = .279, p = .006], 1/elasticity [β = .340, p = .001], and intensity [β = .551, p < .001], robustly predicted nicotine dependence severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support the validity of single-item breakpoint measures for characterizing nicotine dependence in substance users. In a bid to foster translational research, brief demand measures capturing Omax, intensity, and elasticity should be developed.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the validity and accuracy of a single-item breakpoint in informing on tobacco demand.
METHODS: The sample consisted of 88 treatment-seeking smokers (% males = 70.5%) enrolled in substance use treatment. Participants provided data on smoking characteristics and completed the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, a single-item breakpoint measure and a 14-item cigarette purchase task (CPT). Hierarchical regressions were performed to compare the predictive capability of a single-item breakpoint and full-length tobacco demand indicators in determining nicotine addiction severity.
RESULTS: The single-item breakpoint was significantly correlated with all indices stemmed from the CPT and both latent factors (all r values = .250-.368). Neither the brief breakpoint nor the full-length breakpoint significantly predicted nicotine dependence. After controlling for sex and smoking variables, factor 2 [β = .565, p < .001] and its observed variables Omax [β = .279, p = .006], 1/elasticity [β = .340, p = .001], and intensity [β = .551, p < .001], robustly predicted nicotine dependence severity.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support the validity of single-item breakpoint measures for characterizing nicotine dependence in substance users. In a bid to foster translational research, brief demand measures capturing Omax, intensity, and elasticity should be developed.
摘要：
背景：行为经济学表明，单项需求指标有望捕获尼古丁增强的关键方面。建议简短的断点测量在表征尼古丁依赖性方面与全长需求指数具有可比性；但是，尚未对其在临床中的有效性进行全面评估.
目的：本研究旨在评估单项目断点在告知烟草需求方面的有效性和准确性。
方法：样本包括88名寻求治疗的吸烟者（男性百分比=70.5%）参加物质使用治疗。参与者提供了有关吸烟特征的数据，并完成了尼古丁依赖性的Fagerström测试，单项目断点测量和14项目卷烟购买任务(CPT)。进行了分层回归，以比较单项目断点和全长烟草需求指标在确定尼古丁成瘾严重程度方面的预测能力。
结果：单项目断点与源自CPT的所有指标以及两个潜在因素（所有r值=.250-.368）显着相关。短暂断点和全长断点均未显著预测尼古丁依赖性。在控制了性别和吸烟变量后，因子2[β=.565，p<.001]及其观测变量Omax[β=.279，p=.006]，1/弹性[β=.340，p=.001]，和强度[β=.551，p<.001]，强有力地预测尼古丁依赖的严重程度。
结论：我们的研究结果不支持单项目断点测量用于表征物质使用者尼古丁依赖的有效性。为了促进转化研究，捕捉Omax的简短需求度量，强度,应该发展弹性。
目的：本研究旨在评估单项目断点在告知烟草需求方面的有效性和准确性。
方法：样本包括88名寻求治疗的吸烟者（男性百分比=70.5%）参加物质使用治疗。参与者提供了有关吸烟特征的数据，并完成了尼古丁依赖性的Fagerström测试，单项目断点测量和14项目卷烟购买任务(CPT)。进行了分层回归，以比较单项目断点和全长烟草需求指标在确定尼古丁成瘾严重程度方面的预测能力。
结果：单项目断点与源自CPT的所有指标以及两个潜在因素（所有r值=.250-.368）显着相关。短暂断点和全长断点均未显著预测尼古丁依赖性。在控制了性别和吸烟变量后，因子2[β=.565，p<.001]及其观测变量Omax[β=.279，p=.006]，1/弹性[β=.340，p=.001]，和强度[β=.551，p<.001]，强有力地预测尼古丁依赖的严重程度。
结论：我们的研究结果不支持单项目断点测量用于表征物质使用者尼古丁依赖的有效性。为了促进转化研究，捕捉Omax的简短需求度量，强度,应该发展弹性。
