目的:研究青少年对电子烟启动过程的外部和内部影响的看法。
方法:半结构化,深入的定性访谈。
方法:加利福尼亚州,远程视频会议。
方法:目前或以前使用电子烟的13-17岁青少年(n=47)。
方法:访谈发生在2020年5月至2021年2月。两名研究人员根据归纳开发的码本编码转录本。对编码摘录进行了审查,以确定与青少年电子烟启动相关的涵盖主题。
结果:青少年经常接近同龄人使用电子烟,家庭成员,和其他人,创造充足的机会尝试电子烟,以回应好奇心,同伴压力,和渴望应付压力或属于一个群体。不良的第一次经历是常见的(例如,喉咙刺激,恶心),但是许多青少年再次吸食或继续定期使用,以试图巩固友谊或减轻压力和焦虑的症状。电子烟设备的具体特征,包括低成本,隐蔽性,设计和口味的多样性促进了起始,继续使用,尼古丁依赖。
结论:青少年通过多阶段过程发展到电子烟的使用,从社会期望和机会融合的地方开始。虽然个人情况各不相同,许多人继续将vape作为一种情绪问题的应对工具,为了获得社会归属感,或受电子烟特性的影响,这些特性有助于持续使用和依赖。阻止使用的努力应解决设备本身以及促使青年对其产生兴趣的社会力量。
OBJECTIVE: To examine adolescents\' perspectives regarding external and internal influences of the e-cigarette initiation process.
METHODS: Semi-structured, in-depth qualitative interviews.
METHODS: California, remote videoconference.
METHODS: Adolescents ages 13-17 who currently or previously used e-cigarettes (n = 47).
METHODS: Interviews occurred from May 2020-February 2021. Two researchers coded transcripts based on a codebook developed inductively. Coded excerpts were reviewed to identify encompassing themes related to adolescent e-cigarette initiation.
RESULTS: Adolescents were often near e-cigarette use by peers, family members, and others, creating ample opportunities to try e-cigarettes in response to curiosity, peer pressure, and desires to cope with stress or belong to a group. Adverse first experiences were common (eg, throat irritation, nausea), but many adolescents vaped again or continued to use regularly in attempts to cement friendships or alleviate symptoms of stress and anxiety. Specific characteristics of e-cigarette devices, including low-cost, concealability, and variety in designs and flavors facilitated initiation, continued use, and nicotine dependence.
CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents progress to e-cigarette use via a multistage process, starting where social expectations and opportunity converge. While individual circumstances vary, many continue to vape as a perceived coping tool for emotional issues, to gain social belonging, or influenced by e-cigarette characteristics that contribute to ongoing use and dependence. Efforts to deter use should address the devices themselves and the social forces driving youth interest in them.