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Abstract：
Humans are frequently exposed to Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs). QACs are ubiquitously used in medical settings, restaurants, and homes as cleaners and disinfectants. Despite their prevalence, nothing is known about the health effects associated with chronic low-level exposure. Chronic QAC toxicity, only recently identified in mice, resulted in developmental, reproductive, and immune dysfunction. Cell based studies indicate increased inflammation, decreased mitochondrial function, and disruption of cholesterol synthesis. If these findings translate to human toxicity, multiple physiological processes could be affected. This study tested whether QAC concentrations could be detected in the blood of 43 human volunteers, and whether QAC concentrations influenced markers of inflammation, mitochondrial function, and cholesterol synthesis. QAC concentrations were detected in 80 % of study participants. Blood QACs were associated with increase in inflammatory cytokines, decreased mitochondrial function, and disruption of cholesterol homeostasis in a dose dependent manner. This is the first study to measure QACs in human blood, and also the first to demonstrate statistically significant relationships between blood QAC and meaningful health related biomarkers. Additionally, the results are timely in light of the increased QAC disinfectant exposure occurring due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
RESULTS: This study found that 80 % of study participants contained QACs in their blood; and that markers of inflammation, mitochondrial function, and sterol homeostasis varied with blood QAC concentration.
RESULTS: This study found that 80 % of study participants contained QACs in their blood; and that markers of inflammation, mitochondrial function, and sterol homeostasis varied with blood QAC concentration.
摘要：
人类经常暴露于季铵化合物(QAC)。QAC在医疗环境中普遍使用，餐馆,和家庭作为清洁剂和消毒剂。尽管流行,对长期低水平暴露对健康的影响一无所知.慢性QAC毒性，直到最近才在老鼠身上发现，导致了发育，生殖,和免疫功能障碍。基于细胞的研究表明炎症增加，线粒体功能下降，和胆固醇合成的中断。如果这些发现转化为人体毒性，多个生理过程可能受到影响。这项研究测试了是否可以在43名人类志愿者的血液中检测到QAC浓度，以及QAC浓度是否影响炎症标志物，线粒体功能，和胆固醇合成。在80％的研究参与者中检测到QAC浓度。血液QAC与炎症细胞因子的增加有关，线粒体功能下降，以剂量依赖的方式破坏胆固醇稳态。这是第一项测量人体血液中QAC的研究，也是第一个证明血液QAC和有意义的健康相关生物标志物之间有统计学意义的关系的人。此外,鉴于SARS-CoV-2大流行导致的QAC消毒剂暴露增加，结果是及时的。
结果：这项研究发现，80％的研究参与者在他们的血液中含有QAC；以及炎症标志物，线粒体功能，固醇稳态随血液QAC浓度而变化。
结果：这项研究发现，80％的研究参与者在他们的血液中含有QAC；以及炎症标志物，线粒体功能，固醇稳态随血液QAC浓度而变化。
