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Abstract：
The aims of the present work are to estimate the nutritional value and to evaluate and compare the levels of macroelements (Ca, P, K, Na, Mg), microelements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu), heavy metals (Co, Cd, Pb, Mo, Cr, Ni), and their ratios in extruded complete foods for adult dogs, their compatibility with nutritional guidelines, as well as food profile similarity. Basic composition was determined according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Analyses for elements were performed using an atomic absorption spectrometer. All the evaluated dry dog foods met the minimum recommended levels for protein and fat. Eighteen tested dog foods (60%) did not meet at least one recommendation of nutritional guidelines. Four dog foods exceeded the legal limit of Fe and five foods exceeded the legal limit of Zn; in one of them, Zn level was almost twice higher. Dog foods with insect protein exceeded the legal limit for Mn content. Eight dog foods had an inappropriate Ca:P ratio. Heavy metals were below detection limit in all analyzed dog foods. The results seem to show the need for regular feed analyses of the elemental composition in raw materials before introducing supplementation and for the monitoring of the mineral composition of finished pet food.
摘要：
本工作的目的是估计营养价值，并评估和比较宏观元素的水平（Ca，P,K,Na,Mg),微量元素(Fe，Zn,Mn,Cu),重金属(Co，Cd,Pb,Mo,Cr,Ni),以及它们在成年狗的挤压食物中的比例，它们与营养指南的兼容性，以及食物特征的相似性。根据官方分析化学家协会(AOAC)测定基本组成。使用原子吸收光谱仪进行元素分析。所有评估的干狗食物都符合蛋白质和脂肪的最低推荐水平。18个测试狗食（60％）不符合营养指南的至少一个建议。4种狗粮超过了铁的法定限量，5种食物超过了锌的法定限量；其中之一，Zn水平几乎高出两倍。含有昆虫蛋白的狗食超过了Mn含量的法定限制。八种狗食的Ca：P比不合适。在所有分析的狗粮中重金属均低于检测限。结果似乎表明，在引入补充剂之前，需要定期对原料中的元素组成进行饲料分析，并监测成品宠物食品的矿物质组成。
