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Abstract：
Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between whole grains intake and digestive tract cancer risk; however, the results are still controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the association.
Studies published before March 2020 were searched in database and other sources. The risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models.
This meta-analysis included 34 articles reporting 35 studies, 18 studies of colorectal cancer, 11 studies of gastric cancer and 6 studies of esophagus cancer, involving 2,663,278 participants and 28,921 cases. Comparing the highest-intake participants with the lowest-intake participants for whole grains, we found that the intake of whole grains were inversely related to colorectal cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, P < 0.001), gastric cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.79, P < 0.001), esophagus cancer (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44-0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. However, subgroup analysis of colorectal cancer found no significant association in the case-control studies and studies of sample size < 500, and subgroup analysis of gastric cancer found no significant association in the cohort studies and studies of American population. No study significantly affected the findings in the sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found in the studies for colorectal cancer and esophagus cancer except in the studies for gastric cancer.
This meta-analysis provides further evidence that whole grains intake was associated with a reduced risk of digestive tract cancer. Our result supports the dietary guidelines that increase whole grains intake to reduce the risk of digestive tract cancer.
Studies published before March 2020 were searched in database and other sources. The risk ratio (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models.
This meta-analysis included 34 articles reporting 35 studies, 18 studies of colorectal cancer, 11 studies of gastric cancer and 6 studies of esophagus cancer, involving 2,663,278 participants and 28,921 cases. Comparing the highest-intake participants with the lowest-intake participants for whole grains, we found that the intake of whole grains were inversely related to colorectal cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, P < 0.001), gastric cancer (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.53-0.79, P < 0.001), esophagus cancer (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44-0.67, P < 0.001), respectively. However, subgroup analysis of colorectal cancer found no significant association in the case-control studies and studies of sample size < 500, and subgroup analysis of gastric cancer found no significant association in the cohort studies and studies of American population. No study significantly affected the findings in the sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found in the studies for colorectal cancer and esophagus cancer except in the studies for gastric cancer.
This meta-analysis provides further evidence that whole grains intake was associated with a reduced risk of digestive tract cancer. Our result supports the dietary guidelines that increase whole grains intake to reduce the risk of digestive tract cancer.
摘要：
一些流行病学研究调查了全谷物摄入量与消化道癌症风险之间的关系；然而，结果仍然存在争议。这项荟萃分析的目的是评估相关性。
在数据库和其他来源中搜索了2020年3月之前发表的研究。使用固定或随机效应模型将风险比（RR）与95％置信区间（CI）合并。
这项荟萃分析包括34篇报道35项研究的文章，18项关于结直肠癌的研究，11项胃癌研究和6项食管癌研究，涉及2,663,278名参与者和28,921个案例。比较摄入最高的参与者和摄入最低的参与者的全谷物，我们发现全谷物的摄入量与结直肠癌呈负相关(RR=0.89,95%CI:0.84-0.93,P<0.001),胃癌(RR=0.64,95%CI:0.53-0.79,P<0.001),食管癌（RR=0.54，95%CI：0.44-0.67，P<0.001），分别。然而,结直肠癌的亚组分析在病例对照研究和样本量<500的研究中没有发现显著关联,胃癌的亚组分析在队列研究和美国人群研究中没有发现显著关联.没有研究显著影响敏感性分析的结果。除胃癌研究外，结直肠癌和食管癌的研究均未发现发表偏倚。
这项荟萃分析提供了进一步的证据，表明全谷物摄入与消化道癌症风险降低有关。我们的结果支持增加全谷物摄入量以降低消化道癌症风险的饮食指南。
在数据库和其他来源中搜索了2020年3月之前发表的研究。使用固定或随机效应模型将风险比（RR）与95％置信区间（CI）合并。
这项荟萃分析包括34篇报道35项研究的文章，18项关于结直肠癌的研究，11项胃癌研究和6项食管癌研究，涉及2,663,278名参与者和28,921个案例。比较摄入最高的参与者和摄入最低的参与者的全谷物，我们发现全谷物的摄入量与结直肠癌呈负相关(RR=0.89,95%CI:0.84-0.93,P<0.001),胃癌(RR=0.64,95%CI:0.53-0.79,P<0.001),食管癌（RR=0.54，95%CI：0.44-0.67，P<0.001），分别。然而,结直肠癌的亚组分析在病例对照研究和样本量<500的研究中没有发现显著关联,胃癌的亚组分析在队列研究和美国人群研究中没有发现显著关联.没有研究显著影响敏感性分析的结果。除胃癌研究外，结直肠癌和食管癌的研究均未发现发表偏倚。
这项荟萃分析提供了进一步的证据，表明全谷物摄入与消化道癌症风险降低有关。我们的结果支持增加全谷物摄入量以降低消化道癌症风险的饮食指南。
