PDF(Sci-hub)
Abstract：
The present study focuses on the group of pathologists who (1) were appointed honorary members or bearers of the Rudolf Virchow Medal by the German Society for Pathology (DGP) and (2) experienced the \"Third Reich\" as a citizen of the \"Third Reich\". In particular, it examines the relationship between those distinguished persons and National Socialism, and, at the same time, the criteria of the professional society when awarding such honours. Specifically, it is important to clarify what role the DGP officials ascribed to the political stance or experience of the candidates in the Nazi dictatorship during the selection process: were there victims of the Nazis among the honourees whose repressive experiences and personal fates were intended to be acknowledged in this way? Of equal interest is the counter-question: were pathologists honoured who had made (party)political commitments to National Socialism during the \"Third Reich\"?A total of 9 Virchow medallists and 3 honorary members met the inclusion criteria. None of those affected belonged to the group of pathologists who suffered injustice during the \"Third Reich\" or who could be described as victims of the Nazis. On the other hand, 4 of the 9 German Virchow medal winners and 1 of the 3 honorary members had joined the National Socialist Party and to some extent other Nazi organisations. Obviously, previous closeness to National Socialism was not a decisive factor in the selection of honorary members and Virchow medallists and, in particular, was not an exclusion criterion.The aforementioned results correspond to the findings of a parallel study, in which the political past of the German DGP chairmen appointed up to 1986 was examined. This showed that two thirds of them had joined the National Socialist Party during the \"Third Reich\".
摘要：
本研究的重点是一组病理学家，这些病理学家（1）被德国病理学会（DGP）任命为鲁道夫·Virchow奖章的名誉成员或获得者，以及（2）经历过“第三帝国”公民的“第三帝国”。特别是,它研究了这些杰出人士与国家社会主义之间的关系，and,同时,授予此类荣誉时专业协会的标准。具体来说,重要的是要澄清DGP官员在选拔过程中对纳粹专政候选人的政治立场或经验所起的作用：在受奖者中是否有纳粹的受害者，他们的镇压经历和个人命运打算以这种方式得到承认？同样感兴趣的是反问题：病理学家是否受到表彰，他们在“第三次入选”期间对国家社会主义做出了（政党）政治承诺？总共9名荣誉成员达到了这些受影响的人都不属于在“第三帝国”期间遭受不公正待遇或可以被描述为纳粹受害者的病理学家。另一方面,9名德国Virchow奖章获得者中有4名和3名荣誉成员中有1名加入了国家社会党，并在一定程度上加入了其他纳粹组织。显然,以前与国家社会主义的亲密关系并不是选拔荣誉会员和Virchow奖章获得者的决定性因素，特别是,不是排除标准。上述结果与平行研究的结果一致，其中审查了1986年之前任命的德国DGP主席的政治历史。这表明他们中有三分之二在“第三帝国”期间加入了国家社会党。
