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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The purposes were to investigate the drinking patterns and hydration biomarkers among young adults with different levels of habitual total drinking fluids intake.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 159 young adults aged 18-23 years in Baoding, China. Total drinking fluids and water from food were assessed by 7-day 24-h fluid intake questionnaire and duplicate portion method, respectively. The osmolality and electrolyte concentrations of the 24 h urine and fasting blood samples were tested. Differences in LD1 (low drinker), LD2, LD3 and HD (high drinker) groups, stratified according to the quartiles of total drinking fluids, were compared using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test and chi-square test.
RESULTS: A total of 156 participants (80 males and 76 females) completed the study. HD group had greater amounts of TWI (Total Water Intake), water from food, higher and lower contributions of total drinking fluids and water from food to TWI, respectively, than LD1, LD2 and LD3 groups (p < 0.05). Participants in HD group had higher amounts of water and water from dishes than participants in LD1, LD2 and LD3 groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the contributions of different fluids to total drinking fluids within the four groups (p > 0.05). The osmolality of urine was 59-143 mOsm/kg higher in LD1 than that in LD2, LD3 and HD group (p < 0.05). The percentage of participants in optimal hydration status increased from 12.8% in LD1 group to 56.4% in HD group (p < 0.05). HD and LD3 groups had 386~793 higher volumes of urine than that of LD1 and LD2 groups (p < 0.05). Differences were found in the concentrations of electrolytes among the four groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the plasma biomarkers (p > 0.05), with the exception of higher concentration of Mg in LD3 and HD groups than that in LD1 and LD2 groups (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Participants with higher total drinking fluids had better drinking pattern and hydration status. Interventions should be undertaken to advise adults to have adequate total drinking fluids, in order to keep in optimal hydration status.
BACKGROUND: The registration number was ChiCTR-ROC-17010320, which was registered on the Chinese clinical trial registry.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 159 young adults aged 18-23 years in Baoding, China. Total drinking fluids and water from food were assessed by 7-day 24-h fluid intake questionnaire and duplicate portion method, respectively. The osmolality and electrolyte concentrations of the 24 h urine and fasting blood samples were tested. Differences in LD1 (low drinker), LD2, LD3 and HD (high drinker) groups, stratified according to the quartiles of total drinking fluids, were compared using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test and chi-square test.
RESULTS: A total of 156 participants (80 males and 76 females) completed the study. HD group had greater amounts of TWI (Total Water Intake), water from food, higher and lower contributions of total drinking fluids and water from food to TWI, respectively, than LD1, LD2 and LD3 groups (p < 0.05). Participants in HD group had higher amounts of water and water from dishes than participants in LD1, LD2 and LD3 groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the contributions of different fluids to total drinking fluids within the four groups (p > 0.05). The osmolality of urine was 59-143 mOsm/kg higher in LD1 than that in LD2, LD3 and HD group (p < 0.05). The percentage of participants in optimal hydration status increased from 12.8% in LD1 group to 56.4% in HD group (p < 0.05). HD and LD3 groups had 386~793 higher volumes of urine than that of LD1 and LD2 groups (p < 0.05). Differences were found in the concentrations of electrolytes among the four groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the plasma biomarkers (p > 0.05), with the exception of higher concentration of Mg in LD3 and HD groups than that in LD1 and LD2 groups (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Participants with higher total drinking fluids had better drinking pattern and hydration status. Interventions should be undertaken to advise adults to have adequate total drinking fluids, in order to keep in optimal hydration status.
BACKGROUND: The registration number was ChiCTR-ROC-17010320, which was registered on the Chinese clinical trial registry.
摘要：
背景：目的是调查习惯性总饮水摄入量不同的年轻人的饮水模式和水合生物标志物。
方法：对保定市159名18-23岁青壮年进行了横断面研究，中国。通过7天24小时液体摄入问卷和重复部分法评估食物中的总饮用液体和水，分别。测试了24小时尿液和空腹血液样品的渗透压和电解质浓度。LD1（低饮酒者）的差异，LD2，LD3和HD（高饮酒者）组，根据总饮用液体的四分位数进行分层，使用单向方差分析进行比较，Kruskal-WallisH检验和卡方检验。
结果：共有156名参与者（80名男性和76名女性）完成了这项研究。HD组的TWI（总饮水量）较多，来自食物的水，来自食物的总饮用水和水对TWI的贡献较高和较低，分别,LD1、LD2和LD3组(p<0.05)。HD组的参与者比LD1，LD2和LD3组的参与者有更多的水和来自盘子的水（p<0.05）。在四组中，不同液体对总饮用液体的贡献没有显着差异（p>0.05）。LD1组尿液渗透压比LD2，LD3和HD组高59-143mOsm/kg（p<0.05）。处于最佳水合状态的参与者百分比从LD1组的12.8％增加到HD组的56.4％（p<0.05）。HD和LD3组的尿量比LD1和LD2组高386〜793（p<0.05）。四组间电解质浓度存在差异(p<0.05)。血浆生物标志物无显著差异(p>0.05),LD3和HD组的Mg浓度高于LD1和LD2组（p<0.05）。
结论：总饮用液体较高的参与者的饮用模式和水合状态更好。应采取干预措施，建议成年人有足够的总饮用液体，以保持最佳的水化状态。
背景：注册编号为ChiCTR-ROC-17010320，已在中国临床试验注册中心注册。
方法：对保定市159名18-23岁青壮年进行了横断面研究，中国。通过7天24小时液体摄入问卷和重复部分法评估食物中的总饮用液体和水，分别。测试了24小时尿液和空腹血液样品的渗透压和电解质浓度。LD1（低饮酒者）的差异，LD2，LD3和HD（高饮酒者）组，根据总饮用液体的四分位数进行分层，使用单向方差分析进行比较，Kruskal-WallisH检验和卡方检验。
结果：共有156名参与者（80名男性和76名女性）完成了这项研究。HD组的TWI（总饮水量）较多，来自食物的水，来自食物的总饮用水和水对TWI的贡献较高和较低，分别,LD1、LD2和LD3组(p<0.05)。HD组的参与者比LD1，LD2和LD3组的参与者有更多的水和来自盘子的水（p<0.05）。在四组中，不同液体对总饮用液体的贡献没有显着差异（p>0.05）。LD1组尿液渗透压比LD2，LD3和HD组高59-143mOsm/kg（p<0.05）。处于最佳水合状态的参与者百分比从LD1组的12.8％增加到HD组的56.4％（p<0.05）。HD和LD3组的尿量比LD1和LD2组高386〜793（p<0.05）。四组间电解质浓度存在差异(p<0.05)。血浆生物标志物无显著差异(p>0.05),LD3和HD组的Mg浓度高于LD1和LD2组（p<0.05）。
结论：总饮用液体较高的参与者的饮用模式和水合状态更好。应采取干预措施，建议成年人有足够的总饮用液体，以保持最佳的水化状态。
背景：注册编号为ChiCTR-ROC-17010320，已在中国临床试验注册中心注册。
