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Abstract：
Background and Objectives: Vector-borne bacterial diseases represent a substantial public health burden and rodents have been recognized as important reservoir hosts for many zoonotic pathogens. This study investigates bacterial pathogens in a small mammal community of the southwestern United States of America. Methods: A total of 473 samples from 13 wild rodent and 1 lagomorph species were tested for pathogens of public health significance: Bartonella, Brucella, Yersinia, Borrelia, Rickettsia spp., and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Results: Three animals were positive for Yersinia pestis, and one Sylvilagus audubonii had a novel Borrelia sp. of the relapsing fever group. No Brucella, Rickettsia, or A. phagocytophilum infections were detected. Bartonella prevalence ranged between 0% and 87.5% by animal species, with 74.3% in the predominant Neotoma micropus and 78% in the second most abundant N. albigula. The mean duration of Bartonella bacteremia in mark-recaptured N. micropus and N. albigula was 4.4 months, ranging from <1 to 18 months, and differed among Bartonella genogroups. Phylogenetic analysis of the Bartonella citrate synthase gene (gltA) revealed 9 genogroups and 13 subgroups. Seven genogroups clustered with known or previously reported Bartonella species and strains while two were distant enough to represent new Bartonella species. We report, for the first time, the detection of Bartonella alsatica in North America in Sylvilagus audubonii and expand the known host range of Bartonella washoensis to include Otospermophilus variegatus. Interpretation and Conclusion: This work broadens our knowledge of the hosts and geographic range of bacterial pathogens that could guide future surveillance efforts and improves our understanding of the dynamics of Bartonella infection in wild small mammals.
摘要：
背景和目的：媒介传播的细菌性疾病代表了巨大的公共卫生负担，啮齿动物已被认为是许多人畜共患病原体的重要宿主。这项研究调查了美国西南部一个小型哺乳动物群落中的细菌病原体。方法：对13种野生啮齿动物和1种lagomorph的473个样本进行了具有公共卫生意义的病原体检测：巴尔通体，布鲁氏菌,耶尔森氏菌,疏螺旋体,立克次体属。,和吞噬细胞无性体。结果：三只动物鼠疫耶尔森氏菌阳性，和一个西尔维斯奥杜博尼有一个小说伯氏螺旋体。复发性发热组。没有布鲁氏菌,立克次体,或吞噬细胞感染被检测到。按动物种类划分，巴尔通体的患病率在0%到87.5%之间，其中74.3%在主要的新瘤微脓液中，78%在第二最丰富的阿氏丁香中。标记再捕获的微脓毒奈瑟菌和阿尔比切拉奈瑟菌的巴尔通体菌血症的平均持续时间为4.4个月，范围从<1到18个月，在巴尔通菌基因组之间有所不同。柠檬酸巴尔通体合酶基因（gltA）的系统发育分析揭示了9个基因组和13个亚组。七个基因组与已知或先前报道的巴尔通体物种和菌株聚集在一起，而两个基因组的距离足以代表新的巴尔通体物种。我们报告,第一次,在北美Sylvilagusaudubonii中检测到巴尔通菌，并将已知的巴通菌宿主范围扩大到包括Otospermophilusvariegatus。解释和结论：这项工作扩大了我们对细菌病原体的宿主和地理范围的了解，这可以指导未来的监测工作，并提高我们对野生小型哺乳动物巴尔通体感染动态的理解。
