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Abstract：
Numerous prevalence studies of Vibrio spp. infection in fish have been extensively reported worldwide, including Malaysia. Unfortunately, information on the prevalence of Vibrio spp. in groupers (Epinephelus spp.) is limited. In this study, groupers obtained from nine farms located at different geographical regions in Malaysia were sampled for the presence of pathogenic Vibrio spp. and their susceptibility profiles against seven antibiotics.
Out of 270 grouper samples, 195 (72%) were detected with the presence of Vibrio spp. Vibrio communis showed highest prevalence in grouper (28%), followed by V. parahaemolyticus (25%), V. alginolyticus (19%), V. vulnificus (14%), V. rotiferianus (3%), Vibrio sp. (3%), V. campbellii (2%), V. mytili (2%), V. furnissii (2%), V. harveyi (1%), V. tubiashii (1%), V. fluvialis (0.3%) and V. diabolicus (0.3%). Assessment on the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the Vibrio spp. revealed that majority of the isolates were susceptible to tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and bacitracin, but resistance to ampicillin, penicillin G and vancomycin. The mean MAR index of the Vibrio isolates was 0.51, with 85% of the isolates showed MAR index value of higher than 0.2. Results indicate that the Vibrio spp. were continuously exposed to antibiotics. Furthermore, the plasmid profiles of Vibrio spp. showed that 38.7% of the isolates harbored plasmid with molecular weight of more than 10 kb, while 61.3% were without plasmid. During curing process, Vibrio spp. lost their plasmid, but remained resistant to ampicillin, penicillin G, bacitracin and vancomycin while a few isolates remained resistant to erythromycin, streptomycin and tetracycline. The results suggested that the resistance to antibiotics in isolated Vibrio spp. might be due to chromosomal and plasmid borne.
This study demonstrates the prevalence of Vibrio spp. in groupers and the distribution of multidrug resistance strains that could be of concern to the farmers in Malaysia. In addition, data from this study can be further used in fish disease management plan.
Out of 270 grouper samples, 195 (72%) were detected with the presence of Vibrio spp. Vibrio communis showed highest prevalence in grouper (28%), followed by V. parahaemolyticus (25%), V. alginolyticus (19%), V. vulnificus (14%), V. rotiferianus (3%), Vibrio sp. (3%), V. campbellii (2%), V. mytili (2%), V. furnissii (2%), V. harveyi (1%), V. tubiashii (1%), V. fluvialis (0.3%) and V. diabolicus (0.3%). Assessment on the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the Vibrio spp. revealed that majority of the isolates were susceptible to tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin and bacitracin, but resistance to ampicillin, penicillin G and vancomycin. The mean MAR index of the Vibrio isolates was 0.51, with 85% of the isolates showed MAR index value of higher than 0.2. Results indicate that the Vibrio spp. were continuously exposed to antibiotics. Furthermore, the plasmid profiles of Vibrio spp. showed that 38.7% of the isolates harbored plasmid with molecular weight of more than 10 kb, while 61.3% were without plasmid. During curing process, Vibrio spp. lost their plasmid, but remained resistant to ampicillin, penicillin G, bacitracin and vancomycin while a few isolates remained resistant to erythromycin, streptomycin and tetracycline. The results suggested that the resistance to antibiotics in isolated Vibrio spp. might be due to chromosomal and plasmid borne.
This study demonstrates the prevalence of Vibrio spp. in groupers and the distribution of multidrug resistance strains that could be of concern to the farmers in Malaysia. In addition, data from this study can be further used in fish disease management plan.
摘要：
弧菌的大量流行研究。鱼类感染已在世界范围内广泛报道，包括马来西亚。不幸的是,关于弧菌流行的信息。石斑鱼（Epinephelusspp.）是有限的。在这项研究中,从马来西亚不同地理区域的9个农场获得的石斑鱼进行了采样，以检测致病性弧菌的存在。以及它们对七种抗生素的敏感性。
在270个石斑鱼样本中,在存在弧菌的情况下检测到195（72％）。弧菌在石斑鱼中的患病率最高（28％），其次是副溶血性弧菌（25%），五、溶藻(19%)，五、创伤（14%），五、轮虫(3%)，弧菌sp.(3%),五、坎贝尔利（2%），V.Mytili（2%），五、furnissii（2%），五、哈维伊(1%)，五、图比希伊(1%)，河豚（0.3%）和蛇形弧菌（0.3%）。对弧菌属抗生素敏感性的评估。发现大多数分离株对四环素敏感，链霉素,红霉素和杆菌肽,但对氨苄青霉素的抗药性,青霉素G和万古霉素。弧菌分离株的平均MAR指数为0.51，其中85％的分离株显示MAR指数值高于0.2。结果表明，弧菌属。不断暴露于抗生素。此外，弧菌属的质粒谱。结果表明，38.7%的分离株含有分子量超过10kb的质粒，61.3%无质粒。在固化过程中,弧菌属。失去了他们的质粒，但仍然对氨苄青霉素有抗药性,青霉素G,细菌肽和万古霉素，而少数分离株对红霉素仍然耐药，链霉素和四环素。结果表明，分离的弧菌对抗生素具有抗性。可能是由于染色体和质粒携带。
这项研究证明了弧菌属的流行。石斑鱼和多药耐药菌株的分布可能引起马来西亚农民的关注。此外,本研究的数据可进一步用于鱼病管理计划。
在270个石斑鱼样本中,在存在弧菌的情况下检测到195（72％）。弧菌在石斑鱼中的患病率最高（28％），其次是副溶血性弧菌（25%），五、溶藻(19%)，五、创伤（14%），五、轮虫(3%)，弧菌sp.(3%),五、坎贝尔利（2%），V.Mytili（2%），五、furnissii（2%），五、哈维伊(1%)，五、图比希伊(1%)，河豚（0.3%）和蛇形弧菌（0.3%）。对弧菌属抗生素敏感性的评估。发现大多数分离株对四环素敏感，链霉素,红霉素和杆菌肽,但对氨苄青霉素的抗药性,青霉素G和万古霉素。弧菌分离株的平均MAR指数为0.51，其中85％的分离株显示MAR指数值高于0.2。结果表明，弧菌属。不断暴露于抗生素。此外，弧菌属的质粒谱。结果表明，38.7%的分离株含有分子量超过10kb的质粒，61.3%无质粒。在固化过程中,弧菌属。失去了他们的质粒，但仍然对氨苄青霉素有抗药性,青霉素G,细菌肽和万古霉素，而少数分离株对红霉素仍然耐药，链霉素和四环素。结果表明，分离的弧菌对抗生素具有抗性。可能是由于染色体和质粒携带。
这项研究证明了弧菌属的流行。石斑鱼和多药耐药菌株的分布可能引起马来西亚农民的关注。此外,本研究的数据可进一步用于鱼病管理计划。
