PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Objective: To examine diet quality and dietary intake among residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods in the Southeast United States (U.S.) and to examine associations between dietary and socioeconomic factors. Design: We examined baseline data from an evaluation study of a healthy food access initiative. Participants were recruited from two urban settings comprising seven neighborhoods of high household poverty (17% to 62%). Participants completed in-person interviews with measures of education, household income, and food security and one unannounced 24-hour dietary recall by telephone with trained registered dietitians. Food desert residence was coded based on U.S. Census data. Proportions meeting 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) scores were computed. Associations between dietary variables and participant\'s education, household income, food security, and food desert residence were tested. Results: Participants (n = 465) were predominantly African American (92%), women (80%), and overweight or obese (79%), and 52 ± 14 years of age. Sixty-three percent had low or very low food security, and 82% lived in census tracts of low income and low access to supermarkets (urban food desert). HEI-2010 scores averaged 48.8 ± 13.1. A minority of participants met dietary guidelines. Diet quality was lower among participants with lower education and among those from food insecure households (p < .05). Household income and food security were positively associated with meeting several dietary guidelines (p < .05). Food desert residence was unrelated to diet variables. Conclusions: In this disadvantaged population, significant nutritional concerns were observed, and socioeconomic factors were associated with diet quality and meeting dietary guidelines. Interventions must address broader economic, social, and policy issues such as access to affordable healthy foods.
摘要：
目的：研究美国东南部（U.S.）弱势社区居民的饮食质量和饮食摄入量，并研究饮食和社会经济因素之间的关联。设计：我们检查了健康食品获取计划评估研究的基线数据。参与者来自两个城市环境，包括七个家庭贫困程度高的社区（17％至62％）。参与者完成了对教育措施的面对面访谈，家庭收入,和食品安全，并通过与训练有素的注册营养师的电话进行24小时饮食召回。食物沙漠住宅是根据美国人口普查数据编码的。计算了符合2010年美国人饮食指南和2010年健康饮食指数（HEI-2010）评分的比例。饮食变量与参与者教育之间的关联，家庭收入,粮食安全,和食物沙漠住宅进行了测试。结果：参与者（n=465）主要是非裔美国人（92％），女性（80%）超重或肥胖（79%），52±14岁。63%的人有低或非常低的粮食安全，82%的人生活在低收入和缺乏进入超市(城市食品沙漠)的人口普查区。HEI-2010平均得分为48.8±13.1。少数参与者符合饮食指南。受教育程度较低的参与者和来自粮食不安全家庭的参与者的饮食质量较低（p<0.05）。家庭收入和粮食安全与满足几个饮食指南呈正相关（p<0.05）。食物沙漠居住与饮食变量无关。结论：在这个弱势群体中，观察到显著的营养问题，和社会经济因素与饮食质量和符合饮食指南相关。干预措施必须针对更广泛的经济、社会,和政策问题，如获得负担得起的健康食品。
