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Abstract：
Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are the leading causes of enteric infections in many developed countries. Healthy chickens are considered to act as reservoirs of campylobacters, as the organisms colonize the intestinal tract. Once infected birds enter a processing plant, contamination of chicken carcasses with campylobacters occurs over the entire skin during defeathering and evisceration due to leakage of crop and/or intestinal contents. Although the role of feather follicles in the contamination of chicken carcasses by campylobacters during processing is still debatable, it has been considered that the microorganisms would be entrapped and retained in the follicles due to the morphological changes resulting from defeathering and chilling. In the present study, we observed the morphology of feather follicles in chicken carcasses after defeathering and chilling. A total of 3,133 feather follicles were examined for morphological changes before and after chilling. Shortly after defeathering, most (91.5%) of the follicles were closed, whereas after chilling they were either closed (85.5%) or open (6%), although a small proportion of enlarged follicles became smaller or closed (2.6%). Moreover, 5.9% of the follicles that were slightly open became further enlarged after chilling. Furthermore, the proportion of enlarged feather follicles that became closed after chilling showed no discernible relationship with the degree of campylobacter contamination in different areas of the carcass skin, suggesting that campylobacters may not be confined to feather follicles as a result of the morphological changes attributable to defeathering and chilling.
摘要：
空肠弯曲杆菌和大肠杆菌是许多发达国家肠道感染的主要原因。健康的鸡被认为是弯曲的水库，当生物体在肠道定殖时。一旦受感染的鸟类进入加工厂，由于作物和/或肠内容物的泄漏，在去皮和去内脏的过程中，整个皮肤上都会出现弯曲的鸡体污染。尽管羽毛毛囊在加工过程中弯曲菌污染鸡尸体的作用仍有争议，人们认为，由于失败和冷却导致的形态变化，微生物会被截留并保留在卵泡中。在本研究中,我们观察了除化和冷却后鸡尸体中羽毛卵泡的形态。总共检查了3,133个羽毛卵泡在冷却前后的形态变化。失败后不久，大部分（91.5%）的卵泡是封闭的，冷却后，它们要么关闭(85.5%)，要么打开(6%)，尽管一小部分增大的卵泡变小或闭合（2.6％）。此外，5.9%的稍微开放的卵泡在冷却后进一步扩大。此外，冷却后封闭的增大的羽毛卵泡的比例与car体皮肤不同区域的弯曲杆菌污染程度没有明显的关系，这表明，由于失败和冷却引起的形态变化，弯曲叶可能不限于羽毛卵泡。
