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Abstract：
Histone acetylation is an important epigenetic mechanism that controls expression of certain genes. It includes non-sequence-based changes of chromosomal regional structure that can alter the expression of genes. Acetylation of histones is controlled by the activity of two groups of enzymes: the histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). HDACs remove acetyl groups from the histone tail, which alters its charge and thus promotes compaction of DNA in the nucleosome. HDACs render the chromatin structure into a more compact form of heterochromatin, which makes the genes inaccessible for transcription. By altering the transcriptional activity of bone-associated genes, HDACs control both osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. This review presents an overview of the function of HDACs in the modulation of bone formation. Special attention is paid to the use of HDAC inhibitors in mineralized tissue regeneration from cells of dental origin.
摘要：
组蛋白乙酰化是控制某些基因表达的重要表观遗传机制。它包括可以改变基因表达的染色体区域结构的非基于序列的改变。组蛋白的乙酰化受两组酶的活性控制:组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)和组蛋白脱乙酰酶(HDAC)。HDAC从组蛋白尾部去除乙酰基，改变其电荷，从而促进核小体中DNA的压缩。HDAC使染色质结构变成更紧凑的异染色质形式，这使得基因无法转录。通过改变骨相关基因的转录活性，HDAC控制骨生成和破骨细胞生成。这篇综述概述了HDAC在骨形成调节中的功能。特别注意HDAC抑制剂在来自牙齿来源的细胞的矿化组织再生中的使用。
