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Abstract：
The modern-day athlete participating in elite sports is exposed to high training loads and increasingly saturated competition calendar. Emerging evidence indicates that inappropriate load management is a significant risk factor for acute illness and the overtraining syndrome. The IOC convened an expert group to review the scientific evidence for the relationship of load-including rapid changes in training and competition load, competition calendar congestion, psychological load and travel-and health outcomes in sport. This paper summarises the results linking load to risk of illness and overtraining in athletes, and provides athletes, coaches and support staff with practical guidelines for appropriate load management to reduce the risk of illness and overtraining in sport. These include guidelines for prescription of training and competition load, as well as for monitoring of training, competition and psychological load, athlete well-being and illness. In the process, urgent research priorities were identified.
摘要：
参加精英运动的现代运动员面临着高训练负荷和日益饱和的比赛日历。新的证据表明，不适当的负荷管理是急性疾病和过度训练综合征的重要危险因素。国际奥委会召集了一个专家组，审查有关负荷关系的科学证据，包括训练和比赛负荷的快速变化，比赛日历拥堵，运动中的心理负荷、旅行和健康结果。本文总结了将负荷与运动员的疾病和过度训练风险联系起来的结果，并提供运动员，教练和支持人员提供适当的负荷管理的实用指南，以减少运动中的疾病和过度训练的风险。其中包括训练和比赛负荷的处方指南，以及监督培训，竞争和心理负荷，运动员的健康和疾病。在这个过程中,确定了紧迫的研究重点。
