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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Identifying pregnant women infected with Trypanosoma cruzi is one of the major challenges for preventing and controlling Chagas disease (CD) in non-endemic countries. The aim of this paper was to perform a policy evaluation of the current practices of congenital Chagas disease (CCD) control in non-endemic countries and to propose specific targets for enhanced interventions to tackle this emerging health problem outside the endemic areas of Latin America.
METHODS: We conducted a mixed method review of CCD policy strategies by searching the literature in the PubMed, Google Scholar and the World Health Organization (WHO) databases using the key terms \'CCD\', \'paediatric Chagas disease\' and \'non-endemic countries\'; as free text and combined as one phrase to increase the search sensitivity. Reviews, recommendations, guidelines and control/surveillance programme reports were included.
RESULTS: Of 427 CCD papers identified in non-endemic countries, 44 matched the inclusion. Although local programmes were launched in different countries with large numbers of Latin American immigrants, there were considerable disparities in terms of the programmes\' distribution, delivery, integration and appropriated CCD control strategies. Moreover, Catalonia, Spain is the only region/country with an established systematic monitoring of CCD in pregnant women from Latin American countries.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the worldwide dissemination of CD, the nature of its vertical transmission, and the gaps of the current strategies in non-endemic countries, there is an urgent need to standardise, expand and reinforce the control measures against CCD transmission.
METHODS: We conducted a mixed method review of CCD policy strategies by searching the literature in the PubMed, Google Scholar and the World Health Organization (WHO) databases using the key terms \'CCD\', \'paediatric Chagas disease\' and \'non-endemic countries\'; as free text and combined as one phrase to increase the search sensitivity. Reviews, recommendations, guidelines and control/surveillance programme reports were included.
RESULTS: Of 427 CCD papers identified in non-endemic countries, 44 matched the inclusion. Although local programmes were launched in different countries with large numbers of Latin American immigrants, there were considerable disparities in terms of the programmes\' distribution, delivery, integration and appropriated CCD control strategies. Moreover, Catalonia, Spain is the only region/country with an established systematic monitoring of CCD in pregnant women from Latin American countries.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the worldwide dissemination of CD, the nature of its vertical transmission, and the gaps of the current strategies in non-endemic countries, there is an urgent need to standardise, expand and reinforce the control measures against CCD transmission.
摘要：
目的：确定孕妇感染克氏锥虫是在非流行国家预防和控制恰加斯病（CD）的主要挑战之一。本文的目的是对非流行国家的先天性查加斯病（CCD）控制的当前做法进行政策评估，并提出加强干预措施的具体目标，以解决拉丁美洲流行地区以外的这一新兴健康问题。
方法：我们通过搜索PubMed中的文献，对CCD政策策略进行了混合方法审查，谷歌学者和世界卫生组织(WHO)使用关键术语“CCD”的数据库，“小儿查加斯病”和“非流行国家”；作为自由文本，并结合为一个短语，以增加搜索灵敏度。评论,recommendations,包括准则和控制/监测方案报告。
结果：在非流行国家确定的427篇CCD论文中，44与包含匹配。尽管在有大量拉丁美洲移民的不同国家启动了当地计划，在节目分布方面存在相当大的差异，delivery,集成和适当的CCD控制策略。此外，加泰罗尼亚,西班牙是唯一对拉丁美洲国家孕妇的《防治荒漠化公约》进行系统监测的地区/国家。
结论：鉴于CD的全球传播，其垂直传输的性质，以及非流行国家当前战略的差距，迫切需要标准化，扩大和加强对CCD传输的控制措施。
方法：我们通过搜索PubMed中的文献，对CCD政策策略进行了混合方法审查，谷歌学者和世界卫生组织(WHO)使用关键术语“CCD”的数据库，“小儿查加斯病”和“非流行国家”；作为自由文本，并结合为一个短语，以增加搜索灵敏度。评论,recommendations,包括准则和控制/监测方案报告。
结果：在非流行国家确定的427篇CCD论文中，44与包含匹配。尽管在有大量拉丁美洲移民的不同国家启动了当地计划，在节目分布方面存在相当大的差异，delivery,集成和适当的CCD控制策略。此外，加泰罗尼亚,西班牙是唯一对拉丁美洲国家孕妇的《防治荒漠化公约》进行系统监测的地区/国家。
结论：鉴于CD的全球传播，其垂直传输的性质，以及非流行国家当前战略的差距，迫切需要标准化，扩大和加强对CCD传输的控制措施。
