OBJECTIVE: There is a lack of evidence for treatment of some conditions including complication management, suboptimal initial weight loss, recurrent weight gain, or worsening of a significant obesity complication after one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study was designed to respond to the existing lack of agreement and to provide a valuable resource for clinicians by employing an expert-modified Delphi consensus method.
METHODS: Forty-eight recognized bariatric surgeons from 28 countries participated in the modified Delphi consensus to vote on 64 statements in two rounds. An agreement/disagreement among ≥ 70.0% of the experts was regarded to indicate a consensus.
RESULTS: A consensus was achieved for 46 statements. For recurrent weight gain or worsening of a significant obesity complication after OAGB, more than 85% of experts reached a consensus that elongation of the biliopancreatic limb (BPL) is an acceptable option and the total bowel length measurement is mandatory during BPL elongation to preserve at least 300-400 cm of common channel limb length to avoid nutritional deficiencies. Also, more than 85% of experts reached a consensus on conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with or without pouch downsizing as an acceptable option for the treatment of persistent bile reflux after OAGB and recommend detecting and repairing any size of hiatal hernia during conversion to RYGB.
CONCLUSIONS: While the experts reached a consensus on several aspects regarding revision/conversion surgeries after OAGB, there are still lingering areas of disagreement. This highlights the importance of conducting further studies in the future to address these unresolved issues.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep breathing disorder characterized by snoring during sleep and cessation of breathing accompanied with nocturnal hypoxemia and daytime sleepiness. It has a high morbidity rate among bariatric surgery candidates and may lead to various perioperative risks. The purpose of this guideline is to standardize the diagnosis and treatment process of obstructive sleep apnea during the perioperative period of bariatric surgery and to improve patient outcomes and perioperative safety.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是一种以睡眠打鼾伴呼吸暂停和日间思睡为特点的睡眠呼吸疾病，是病态肥胖最常见的合并症之一，因此在减重代谢外科患者中发病率高并影响围手术期安全。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是一种涉及多学科的复杂疾病，在减重代谢外科手术围术期的诊疗缺乏统一的指导意见。中国医师协会睡眠医学专业委员会牵头组织国内多学科专家成立指南工作组，基于国内临床现状、已发表的临床研究证据、相关指南和共识及各专业专家意见反复讨论，制订了该指南，旨在规范减重代谢手术围术期阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的诊疗流程，提高患者受益和围术期安全。.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a well-established risk factor for cancer. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is established as a safe procedure providing accelerated weight loss and comorbidity improvement or remission. Additionally, it is approved as a bridging procedure for various non-oncologic surgeries, with very limited data for oncologic procedures. The aim of this study is to present a series of patients with severe obesity and concomitant cancer who underwent LSG prior to definitive oncological procedure.
METHODS: A retrospective review (2008-2023) was conducted in three institutions, identifying 5 patients with cancer and severe obesity who underwent LSG as bridging procedure. Variables analyzed were initial weight, initial body mass index (BMI), type of malignancy, comorbidities, interval between LSG and oncological surgery, weight and BMI before the second intervention, percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), and postoperative morbidity and mortality.
RESULTS: Malignancies identified were 2 prostate cancers, 1 periampullary neuroendocrine tumor, 1 rectal cancer, and 1 renal clear cell carcinoma. Mean age of patients was 50.2 years, mean initial BMI 47.4 kg/ m 2 , and mean BMI before oncological surgery 37 kg/ m 2 . Mean time interval between LSG and oncological surgery was 8.3 months. Mean %EWL achieved was 45.2%. Two thromboembolic events were encountered after LSG, while none of the patients developed complications after definitive oncological treatment. The mean follow-up after oncological surgery was 61.6 months.
CONCLUSIONS: LSG can be proposed as bridging procedure before oncological surgery in meticulously selected patients. Achieved weight loss can render subsequent oncological procedures easier and safer.

This joint ASGE-ESGE guideline provides an evidence-based summary and recommendations regarding the role of endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies (EBMTs) in the management of obesity. The document was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. It evaluates the efficacy and safety of EBMT devices and procedures that currently have CE mark or FDA-clearance/approval, or that had been approved within five years of document development. The guideline suggests the use of EBMTs plus lifestyle modification in patients with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2, or with a BMI of 27.0-29.9 kg/m2 with at least 1 obesity-related comorbidity. Furthermore, it suggests the utilization of intragastric balloons and devices for endoscopic gastric remodeling (EGR) in conjunction with lifestyle modification for this patient population.

This joint ASGE-ESGE guideline provides an evidence-based summary and recommendations regarding the role of endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies (EBMTs) in the management of obesity. The document was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. It evaluates the efficacy and safety of EBMT devices and procedures that currently have CE mark or FDA-clearance/approval, or that had been approved within five years of document development. The guideline suggests the use of EBMTs plus lifestyle modification in patients with a BMI of ≥ 30 kg/m2, or with a BMI of 27.0-29.9 kg/m2 with at least 1 obesity-related comorbidity. Furthermore, it suggests the utilization of intragastric balloons and devices for endoscopic gastric remodeling (EGR) in conjunction with lifestyle modification for this patient population.

OBJECTIVE: This guideline (GL) is aimed at providing a clinical practice reference for the management of adult patients with overweight or obesity associated with metabolic complications who are resistant to lifestyle modification.
METHODS: Surgeons, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, psychologists, pharmacologists, a general practitioner, a nutritionist, a nurse and a patients\' representative acted as multi-disciplinary panel. This GL has been developed following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed by a methodologic group. For each question, the panel identified potentially relevant outcomes, which were then rated for their impact on therapeutic choices. Only outcomes classified as \"critical\" and \"important\" were considered in the systematic review of evidence. Those classified as \"critical\" were considered for clinical practice recommendations. Consensus on the direction (for or against) and strength (strong or conditional) of recommendations was reached through a majority vote.
RESULTS: The present GL provides recommendations about the role of both pharmacological and surgical treatment for the clinical management of the adult patient population with BMI > 27 kg/m2 and < 40 kg/m2 associated with weight-related metabolic comorbidities, resistant to lifestyle changes. The panel: suggests the timely implementation of therapeutic interventions in addition to diet and physical activity; recommends the use of semaglutide 2.4 mg/week and suggests liraglutide 3 mg/day in patients with obesity or overweight also affected by diabetes or pre-diabetes; recommends semaglutide 2.4 mg/week in patients with obesity or overweight also affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; recommends semaglutide 2.4 mg/week as first-line drug in patients with obesity or overweight that require a larger weight loss to reduce comorbidities; suggests the use of orlistat in patients with obesity or overweight also affected by hypertriglyceridemia that assume high-calorie and high-fat diet; suggests the use of naltrexone/bupropion combination in patients with obesity or overweight, with emotional eating; recommends surgical intervention (sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or metabolic gastric bypass/gastric bypass with single anastomosis/gastric mini bypass in patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 who are suitable for metabolic surgery; and suggests gastric banding as a possible, though less effective, surgical alternative.
CONCLUSIONS: The present GL is directed to all physicians addressing people with obesity-working in hospitals, territorial services or private practice-and to general practitioners and patients. The recommendations should also consider the patient\'s preferences and the available resources and expertise.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes in young people is an aggressive disease with a greater risk of complications leading to increased morbidity and mortality during the most productive years of life. Prevalence in the UK and globally is rising yet experience in managing this condition is limited. There are no consensus guidelines in the UK for the assessment and management of paediatric type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: Multidisciplinary professionals from The Association of Children\'s Diabetes Clinicians (ACDC) and the National Type 2 Diabetes Working Group reviewed the evidence base and made recommendations using the Grading Of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.
CONCLUSIONS: Young people with type 2 diabetes should be managed within a paediatric diabetes team with close working with adult diabetes specialists, primary care and other paediatric specialties. Diagnosis of diabetes type can be challenging with many overlapping features. Diabetes antibodies may be needed to aid diagnosis. Co-morbidities and complications are frequently present at diagnosis and should be managed holistically. Lifestyle change and metformin are the mainstay of early treatment, with some needing additional basal insulin. GLP1 agonists should be used as second-line agents once early ketosis and symptoms are controlled. Glycaemic control improves microvascular but not cardiovascular risk. Reduction in excess adiposity, smoking prevention, increased physical activity and reduction of hypertension and dyslipidaemia are essential to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events.
CONCLUSIONS: This evidence-based guideline aims to provide a practical approach in managing this condition in the UK.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of an adapted protocol of enhanced recovery after bariatric surgery (ERABS) on outcomes. This is a single-center observational study comparing patients managed according to adapted ERABS protocol (March-May 2022) with a control group of old method (January 2021-February 2022). Totally, 253 bariatric patients were included in the study (n = 68) and control (n = 185) groups. Patients were mostly females (57.3% vs 70.2%; p = 0.053), of mean age 38.8 years and body mass index 41 ± 6.53 vs. 44.60 ± 7.37 kg/m2 (p = 0.007) in study and control groups, respectively. The majority (90.5%) underwent primary bariatric surgery. Adapted ERABS protocol compliance was 98.5%. The study group had shorter hospital stay (mean 2.86 ± 0.51 vs. 4.03 ± 0.28 days; p < 0.001), similar rates of total (3% vs. 2.7%, p = 0.92) and major complications (1.5% vs. 0, p = 0.10). Readmission rates were similar (1.5% vs 1.6%, p = 0.92). Applied only in the study group, early ambulation (p < 0.001), opioid restriction, and preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), resulted in satisfactory scores (mean total visual analogue score 1.93 ± 0.80, morphine milligram equivalent 34.0 ± 14.5, and mean total PONV grade 0.17 ± 0.36). In conclusion, implementing adapted ERABS guidelines improved patients\' postoperative care, raising awareness to pain management. Length of stay was shortened without safety compromise. Efforts to abandon old-school routines seem worthwhile, even if ERABS is partially implemented.

暂无摘要。

Until now, there has not been organized consensus for standardization in bariatric surgery In Russia. We present the results of the first Bariatric Surgery Consensus Conference conducted in Barnaul (March, 2023). A list of questions was proposed within 6 blocks: 1) general issues of bariatric surgery, 2) sleeve gastrectomy, 3) one-anastomosis gastric bypass («mini-gastric bypass»), 4) Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, 5) Single Anastomosis Duodenal Switch and other options for biliopancreatic bypass, 6) rare procedures. Consensus (>70% agreement) was reached for 51 out of 96 statements. Stratification by the level of expertise was carried out, and responses of the expert group were compared with responses of all participants.
До настоящего времени в России не проводилось согласования относительно проблем стандартизации в бариатрической хирургии. В данной публикации представлены результаты первой Консенсус-конференции по бариатрической хирургии. Был предложен перечень вопросов в рамках 6 блоков: 1) общие вопросы бариатрической хирургии; 2) продольная резекция желудка; 3) одноанастомозное желудочное («минижелудочное») шунтирование; 4) шунтирование по Ру; 5) SADI и другие варианты билиопанкреатического шунтирования; 6) редко выполняемые бариатрические операции. Консенсус считался достигнутым при наличии 70% голосов. Консенсус был достигнут по 51 из 96 вопросам. Проведена стратификация по уровню экспертности и осуществлено сравнение ответов группы экспертов с ответами всех участников голосования.