背景:氯胺酮,作为麻醉剂,已考虑终止癫痫持续状态(SE);然而,由于病情的紧迫性和严重性,目前,国际上尚无评价氯胺酮治疗超难治性癫痫持续状态疗效的随机对照试验.同样,文献中似乎缺乏解决这一主题的系统评论。因此,本系统综述旨在探讨氯胺酮终止超难治性癫痫持续状态的有效性和安全性.
方法:我们对PubMed进行了系统搜索,EMBASE,和WebofScience数据库。排除与超难治性癫痫持续状态研究无关的手稿,用非英语出版的手稿也是如此。使用MINORS标准评估质量评估和偏倚风险。由于数据不适合进行荟萃分析,数据提取仅限于定性综合。
结果:从电子数据库检索的782项研究中,11符合纳入标准。其中,10项研究是回顾性的,1项研究是前瞻性的。纳入的患者数据来自研究人员各自医院的病例登记处。在所有纳入的研究中,与未接受氯胺酮治疗的超难治性癫痫持续状态患者相比,氯胺酮的给药显著缩短了癫痫持续状态的持续时间,并显示出更高的安全性.此外,早期给予氯胺酮与改善治疗结局相关.所有研究的偏倚风险被认为是低的。
结论:本系统综述提示氯胺酮可能是治疗超难治性癫痫持续状态的可行选择。然而,鉴于超难治性癫痫持续状态的关键性质,临床医生应优先考虑其终止,而不是评估特定药物的疗效,确保患者安全仍然至关重要。如果在现实世界的医疗环境中可行,未来的研究应集中于设计随机对照试验,以观察氯胺酮的具体疗效和作用机制.在考虑将氯胺酮作为超难治性癫痫持续状态的一线治疗之前,需要仔细验证。
BACKGROUND: Ketamine, as an anesthetic, has been considered for terminating status epilepticus (SE); however, due to the urgency and severity of the condition, there are currently no randomized controlled trials internationally assessing the efficacy of ketamine for treating super-refractory status epilepticus. Similarly, there appears to be a lack of systematic reviews addressing this topic in the literature. Therefore, this systematic review aims to explore the effectiveness and safety of ketamine for terminating super-refractory status epilepticus.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Manuscripts unrelated to the research on super-refractory status epilepticus were excluded, as were manuscripts published in non-English languages. The quality assessment and risk of bias were evaluated using the MINORS criteria. Data extraction was limited to qualitative synthesis due to the unsuitability of the data for meta-analysis.
RESULTS: Out of 782 studies retrieved from electronic databases, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 10 studies were retrospective, and 1 study was prospective. Patient data for inclusion were sourced from the case registries of the researchers\' respective hospitals. Across all included studies, the administration of ketamine significantly reduced the duration of status epilepticus and demonstrated higher safety compared to patients not receiving ketamine treatment for super-refractory status epilepticus. Additionally, early administration of ketamine correlated with improved treatment outcomes. The risk of bias across all studies was deemed low.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review suggests that ketamine may be a feasible treatment option for super-refractory status epilepticus. However, given the critical nature of super-refractory status epilepticus, clinicians should prioritize its termination over evaluating the efficacy of specific medications, ensuring patient safety remains paramount. If feasible in real-world medical settings, future research should focus on designing randomized controlled trials to observe the specific efficacy and mechanisms of ketamine. Careful validation is necessary before considering ketamine as a first-line treatment for super-refractory status epilepticus.