背景:月经周期的规律是女性健康和生育能力的重要指标,女工受到几个因素的影响,比如睡眠障碍,压力,轮班工作,影响他们的月经规律。这使得有必要全面确定月经规律的决定因素。因此,这项研究从生理上确定了影响女性工人月经规律的因素,心理,和基于不愉快症状理论的情境维度。
方法:这是对2010-2012年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的二次分析,并利用了2418名女工的数据。根据不愉快症状的理论,生理因素包括年龄,初潮年龄,分娩经验,身体质量指数,和睡眠时间。心理因素包括压力水平,抑郁情绪,和自杀意念。情境因素包括教育水平,家庭收入,饮酒,参与吸烟,和工作时间表。进行χ²检验和层次logistic回归分析,反映了复杂的样本设计。
结果:初潮年龄,分娩经验,发现生理因素中的体重指数以及情境因素中的受教育程度和工作时间表与月经规律有关。在分娩的人中发现月经不调的风险更高(与没有分娩的人相比),初潮年龄高(与初潮年龄低的人相比),肥胖(与体重指数正常的人相比),具有小学水平或较低的教育成就(与具有大学研究生水平或高等教育成就的人相比),和有轮班工作时间表的人(与那些有固定时间表的人相比)。
结论:有这些危险因素的女工需要干预,必须特别注意有轮班工作时间表的女工。此外,因为体重指数可以控制,有关体重指数的干预对于减少月经不规律是必要的。
BACKGROUND: Regularity of menstrual cycles is an important indicator of women\'s health and fertility, and female workers are exposed to several factors, such as sleep disorders, stress, and shift work, that affect their menstrual regularity. This makes it necessary to comprehensively identify the determinants of menstrual regularity. Therefore, this study identified the factors affecting menstrual regularity among female workers from physiological, psychological, and situational dimensions based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms.
METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of the 2010-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and utilized the data of 2418 female workers. Based on the theory of unpleasant symptoms, physiological factors included age, age at menarche, childbirth experience, body mass index, and sleep duration. Psychological factors included stress level, depressive mood, and suicidal ideation. Situational factors included education level, household income, consumption of alcohol, engagement in smoking, and work schedule. The χ²-test and hierarchical logistic regression analysis were performed, reflecting the complex sample design.
RESULTS: Age at menarche, childbirth experience, and body mass index among physiological factors and education level and work schedule among situational factors were found to be related to menstrual regularity. A higher risk of menstrual irregularities was found among those who had given birth (versus those who had not), had a high age at menarche (versus those with a low age at menarche), were obese (versus those who had a normal body mass index), had elementary school-level or lesser educational achievements (versus those with college graduate-level or higher educational achievements), and who had a shift work schedule (versus those with a fixed schedule).
CONCLUSIONS: Intervention is needed for female workers who have these risk factors, and special attention must be paid to female workers who have a shift work schedule. Additionally, since body mass index can be controlled, intervention concerning body mass index is necessary to reduce menstrual irregularity.