背景:越来越多的证据表明,COVID-19带来了立即影响早期语言发展的变化。鲜为人知的是,这些与COVID-19相关的变化影响了发展的时间。当前的研究系统和纵向地解决了这个问题,在最初的2.5年中跟踪儿童的语言发展。
方法:本研究对Frota等人的样品进行了跟进。(2022),这表明,在大流行期间出生和抚养的7-9个月大的婴儿不会像大流行前的同龄人那样划分单词。进行了四项研究:(1)12个月大的分词任务(Npregiume=15);(2)20个月大的单词学习任务(Npregiume=20);(3)30个月大的语言和交流发展,通过CDI和CSBS父母报告(Npredima范围为25-74);(4)使用Griffiths发育量表(Npredima=16)在30月龄时的总体发育。
结果:与大流行前的数据相比,在所有四项研究中,大流行样本的表现始终不佳。没有证据表明在12个月大时有发达的分词能力,在20个月大的时候没有成功的单词学习。12至24月龄之间的词汇发育低于大流行前样本,而社会交往似乎没有受到影响。在30个月大的时候,大流行样本在语言和交流格里菲斯子量表上显示较低的分数和较低的心理年龄,与大流行前的数据相比。
结论:大流行期间出生和抚养的婴儿语言发育较差,这种情况至少持续到30个月大。
BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that COVID-19 brought changes that immediately affected early language development. Little is known for how long these COVID-19 related changes shaped development. The current study systematically and longitudinally addressed this issue, following up children\'s language development throughout the first 2.5 years.
METHODS: The present study follows up on the sample from Frota et al. (2022), which demonstrated that 7-9-month-old infants born and raised during the pandemic do not segment words unlike pre-pandemic peers. Four studies were conducted: (1) word segmentation task at 12 months of age (Npandemic = 15); (2) word learning task at 20 months of age (Npandemic = 20); (3) language and communication development up to 30 months of age, via CDI and CSBS parental reports (Npandemic ranged 25-74); (4) overall development at 30 months of age using the Griffiths Developmental Scales (Npandemic = 16).
RESULTS: The pandemic sample consistently underperformed in all four studies in comparison to pre-pandemic data. There was no evidence of developed word segmentation abilities at 12 months of age, and no successful word learning at 20 months of age. Lexical development between 12 and 24 months of age was lower than in the pre-pandemic sample, while social communication did not seem to be affected. At 30 months of age, the pandemic sample showed lower scores and lower mental age on the Language and Communication Griffiths\' subscale, in comparison to the pre-pandemic data.
CONCLUSIONS: Infants born and raised during the pandemic have a poorer language development, that persists at least until 30 months of age.