铊(Tl)是一种重的有毒金属,是多种人类活动的副产品,如水泥生产,采矿,煤燃烧。铊存在于水果中,蔬菜,和高Tl污染的动物饲料;因此,它是环境污染问题,也是人类和其他生物暴露于它时的毒理学污染问题。Tl及其化合物的诱变潜力是有争议的,对其影响的体内研究很少。我们进行了动物生物测定果蝇翅膀体细胞突变和重组测试(SMART)以测试遗传毒性,并评估了Tl乙酸盐(TlCH3COO)和Tl硫酸盐(Tl2SO4)对果蝇的遗传毒性作用。向来自SMART标准杂交(ST)的第三龄幼虫喂食Tl乙酸盐[0.2、2、20、200、600和1200μM]和Tl硫酸盐[0.2、2、20、200和600μM]。六价铬[CrO3,500μM]作为阳性对照,和Milli-Q水作为阴性对照。只有高Tl2SO4[600μM]浓度导致遗传毒性,具有87.6%的体细胞重组,两种盐都破坏了翼想象盘细胞的细胞分裂,显示预期的细胞毒性作用。由Tl+1或其化合物的生物累积导致的高金属水平引起的遗传毒性风险需要用其他体内和体外测定进一步评估。
Thallium (Tl) is a heavy and toxic metal and a byproduct of several human activities, such as cement production, mining, and coal combustion. Thallium is found in fruits, vegetables, and animal fodder with high Tl contamination; therefore, it is an environmental pollution issue and a toxicological contamination problem for human beings and other organisms when exposed to it. The mutagenic potential of Tl and its compounds is controversial, and there are few in vivo studies on its effects. We conducted the animal bioassay Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) to test for genotoxicity and assessed the genotoxic effects of Tl acetate (TlCH3COO) and Tl sulfate (Tl2SO4) on Drosophila melanogaster. Third instar larvae from the SMART standard cross (ST) were fed Tl acetate [0.2, 2, 20, 200, 600 and 1200 μM] and Tl sulfate [0.2, 2, 20, 200, and 600 μM]. Hexavalent chromium [CrO3, 500 μM] served as the positive control, and Milli-Q water served as the negative control. Only the high Tl2SO4 [600 μM] concentration resulted in genotoxicity with 87.6% somatic recombination, and both salts disrupted cell division of wing imaginal disc cells, showing the expected cytotoxic effects. Genotoxic risks due to high metal levels by bioaccumulation of Tl+1 or its compounds require further evaluation with other in vivo and in vitro assays.