目的:细粒棘球蚴引起囊型包虫病,构成重大公共卫生风险的人畜共患寄生虫感染。据记载,这种寄生虫在野生犬科动物中有潜在的水库和携带者,即狼,狐狸和狼.本研究旨在确定北部三个地区野生犬科动物中Granulosussensulato物种/基因型的患病率和分子特征,伊朗东北部和西北部地区。
方法:从2019年到2022年,93只野生犬科动物(69只狼),收集了(22只狐狸)和(2只狼),它们在车祸或疾病中丧生。进行形态学和形态计量学分析以验证颗粒大肠杆菌的存在。为了确定E.granulosuss.l.物种/基因型,聚合酶链反应(PCR)-RFLP(ITS1)使用Bsh1236I(BstUI)限制酶进行。还进行了COX1、NADH1和ITS1基因测序以确认PCR-RFLP结果。
结果:在这项研究中,检查了93只野生犬科动物,93例患者中有3.2%(95%CI:0%-7%)感染棘球蚴。伊朗西北部地区的30头jack狼中有2头(6.6%)感染了成年棘球蚴,而北部地区的35头jack狼中有1头(2.8%)。通过PCR在这些个体中检测到棘球蚴的DNA。基于ITS1基因的PCR-RFLP分析和COX1、NADH1和ITS1基因的测序,在已感染的jack狼中证实了粒状E.sensu严格基因型。
结论:有证据表明,E.granulosus发生在伊朗的jack狼中,S.S.基因型是最常见的。该寄生虫已被鉴定为具有可传播给牲畜和人类的基因型的人畜共患寄生虫。建立有效的控制措施以防止包虫病的传播并确保公众健康至关重要。
OBJECTIVE: The cestode Echinococcus granulosus causes cystic echinococcosis, a zoonotic parasitic infection that constitutes a significant public health risk. This parasite has been documented to have potential reservoirs and carriers among wild canids, namely wolves, foxes and jackals. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of E. granulosus sensu lato species/genotypes among wild canids in three northern, northeastern and north-western Iran regions.
METHODS: From 2019 to 2022, 93 wild canid carcasses (69 jackals), (22 foxes) and (2 wolves) were collected that were killed in car accidents or illnesses. Analyses of morphology and morphometry were performed to verify the presence of E. granulosus. To determine E. granulosus s.l. species/genotypes, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-RFLP (ITS1) was performed utilizing the Bsh1236I (BstUI) restriction enzyme. COX1, NADH1 and ITS1 gene sequencing were also performed to confirm the PCR-RFLP results.
RESULTS: During this study, 93 wild canids were examined, and 3.2% (95% CI: 0%-7%) of the 93 were infected with Echinococcus. The north-western region of Iran showed two out of 30 jackals (6.6%) infected with adult Echinococcus compared to one out of 35 jackals (2.8%) in the northern region. DNA from Echinococcus was detected in these individuals by PCR. Based on PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS1 gene and sequencing of COX1, NADH1 and ITS1 gene, E. granulosus sensu stricto genotype was confirmed in the jackals that had been infected.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence shows that E. granulosus occurs in jackals in Iran, with the E. granulosus s.s. genotype being the most common. This parasite has been identified as a zoonotic parasite with a genotype that can be transmitted to livestock and humans. Establishing effective control measures to prevent the spread of echinococcosis and ensure public health is crucial.