健康环保是家用电器的发展趋势,再加上过去几年COVID-19疫情的影响。消费者对家用电器的杀菌消毒功能有着前所未有的关注和期待。作为家用衣物的洗涤和护理设备,洗衣机的抗菌技术发展迅速。市场上的新型洗衣机基本都增加了杀菌功能。为了从源头上彻底解决洗衣机的杀菌抑菌问题,应充分调查洗衣机中微生物污染的分布情况。目前,我国对洗衣机微生物群落结构的研究几乎没有。因此,本研究的目的是分析中国家用洗衣机中的细菌群落结构。探讨影响洗衣机细菌群落结构的关键因素。通过高通量测序对细菌群落进行综合分析。以chao和shannon指数为指标,采用单因素方差分析,探讨影响洗衣机细菌群落结构的关键因素。从56个洗衣机样品中测序了来自522属的总共2,882,778个标签和21,265个OTU。分枝杆菌属,假单胞菌,Brevundimonas,鞘氨醇单胞菌,鞘氨醇,Enhydrobacter,甲基杆菌,假黄单胞菌,寡养单胞菌和Sphingopyxis是丰度最高的十大细菌属。来源的影响,类型,使用频率,采样位置和洗衣机使用寿命对洗衣机中细菌的多样性进行了系统分析。统计分析表明,使用寿命是影响洗衣机细菌多样性的重要因素。我们的研究为定向筛选具有目标特征的微生物奠定了基础,包括恶臭产生,污垢,致病性和抗逆性,抗菌评价,关键特征微生物的代谢机制以及抗菌材料的开发。目前,洗衣机的杀菌技术尚未完全与洗衣机中微生物的分布调查相结合。根据洗衣机的特定微生物分布状况,关键分布位置和不同位置所含特定微生物的类型,进行更有针对性的灭菌处理。这将有助于从源头彻底解决洗衣机中微生物生长的问题。
Health and environmental protection are the development trend of household appliances, coupled with the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic in the past few years. Consumers have unprecedented concerns and expectations about the sterilization and disinfection functions of household appliances. As a washing and nursing equipment for household clothes, the anti-bacterial technology of washing machine has developed rapidly. The new models of washing machines in the market have basically added the function of sterilization. In order to thoroughly solve the problem of sterilization and bacteriostasis of washing machines from the source, the distribution of microbial contamination in washing machines should be fully investigated. At present, there is almost no systematic study on the microbial community structure in washing machines in China. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the bacterial community structure in Chinese household washing machines. To explore the key factors affecting the bacterial community structure of washing machines. Bacterial communities were comprehensively analyzed by high throughput sequencing. Using chao and shannon indexes as indicators, one-way ANOVA was used to explore the key factors affecting the bacterial community structure of washing machines. A total of 2,882,778 tags and 21,265 OTUs from 522 genera were sequenced from 56 washing machine samples. Genus Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas, Brevundimonas, Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Enhydrobacter, Methylobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Sphingopyxis were the top ten bacteria genera in abundance. The effects of sources, types, frequency of utilization, sampling locations and service life of washing machines on bacterial diversity in washing machine were systematically analyzed. The statistical analysis showed that service life was an important factor affecting bacterial diversity in washing machine. Our study lays a foundation for directional screening of characteristic microorganisms with targeted characters including malodor-producing, fouling, pathogenic and stress-resistance, the antibacterial evaluation, metabolic mechanism of key characteristic microorganisms as well as antibacterial materials development. At present, the sterilization technology of washing machines has not been fully in combination with the distribution survey of microorganisms in washing machines. According to the specific microorganism distribution condition of the washing machine, the key distribution positions and the types of specific microorganisms contained in different positions, conduct more targeted sterilization treatment. This will help to completely solve the problem of microbial growth in washing machines from the source.