肉桂(L.)J.Presl,属于樟科的热带芳香常绿乔木,常用于中药。它也是世界范围内使用的传统香料。然而,目前对决明子的遗传变异程度和种群结构知之甚少。在这项研究中,从中国两个地理省份的七个种群中收集了71个个体。九种形态特征,三种化学成分,单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记用于肉桂种质变异的综合研究。表型和化学成分都存在显著的遗传变异,和某些特征,如叶子长度,叶片宽度,挥发油含量,和地理分布,彼此相关。一岁决明子幼苗叶片长度,叶片宽度,高程,和挥发油含量被发现是多样性的主要贡献者,根据主成分分析(PCA)。根据表型和挥发油数据,通过聚类分析确定了三个主要类别。这与使用1,387,213个SNP标记的相关研究结果一致;至关重要的是,它们都显示出与地理起源的实质性联系。然而,两个聚类的结果之间几乎没有相似性。分子方差分析(AMOVA)显示,决明子群体的遗传多样性较低,主要在人群中的个体中,占总数的95.87%。香农的信息指数(I)从0.418到0.513不等,平均值为0.478(Na=1.860,Ne=1.584,Ho=0.481,He=0.325,PPB=86.04%)。种群之间的遗传分化并不显著,因为农民之间的自然适应或广泛的种子交换环境,从而保持关系。在使用ADMIXTURE软件进行种群结构分析之后,发现71个种质被分为三组,其中38%是纯类型的,这一发现得到了PCA的进一步支持。未来的育种策略和我们对肉桂种群内进化关系的理解将大大受益于对表型的彻底调查,化学,和分子标记。
Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J.Presl, a tropical aromatic evergreen tree belonging to the Lauraceae family, is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is also a traditional spice used worldwide. However, little is currently known about the extent of the genetic variability and population structure of C. cassia. In this study, 71 individuals were collected from seven populations across two geographical provinces in China. Nine morphological features, three chemical components, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used in an integrated study of C. cassia germplasm variations. Remarkable genetic variation exists in both phenotypic and chemical compositions, and certain traits, such as leaf length, leaf width, volatile oil content, and geographic distribution, are correlated with each other. One-year-old C. cassia seedling leaf length, leaf width, elevation, and volatile oil content were found to be the main contributors to diversity, according to principal component analysis (PCA). Three major groupings were identified by cluster analysis based on the phenotypic and volatile oil data. This was in line with the findings of related research using 1,387,213 SNP markers; crucially, they all demonstrated a substantial link with geographic origin. However, there was little similarity between the results of the two clusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the genetic diversity of C. Cassia populations was low, primarily among individuals within populations, accounting for 95.87% of the total. Shannon\'s information index (I) varied from 0.418 to 0.513, with a mean of 0.478 (Na=1.860, Ne =1.584, Ho =0.481, He =0.325, and PPB =86.04%). Genetic differentiation across populations was not significant because natural adaptation or extensive exchange of seeds among farmers between environments, thus maintaining the relationship. Following a population structure analysis using the ADMIXTURE software, 71 accessions were found to be clustered into three groups, with 38% of them being of the pure type, a finding that was further supported by PCA. Future breeding strategies and our understanding of the evolutionary relationships within the C. cassia population would benefit greatly from a thorough investigation of phenotypic, chemical, and molecular markers.