背景:结核病(TB)作为最重要的传染病,给发病率和死亡率增加了巨大的负担,尽管全球各地都有结构良好的结核病控制计划。与结核病相关的医疗保健管理系统不适当,标准执行不力,仍然是引起结核病流行及其耐药性上升的一些原因。卫生保健工作者(HCWs)作为结核病控制系统的一部分,是到2035年实现结核病终结战略目标的重要战士。他们的表现受到知识的影响,态度,和实践(KAP)对这种传染病。这项研究旨在表明卫生保健工作者的KAP评分在更好地控制和预防伊斯兰堡首都地区(ICT)的结核病中的作用。巴基斯坦。
方法:关于知识,医护人员对结核病(TB)的态度和实践研究,是在ICT中完成的,它是巴基斯坦的首都。从所有伊斯兰堡结核病转介医疗机构为306名卫生保健工作者收集了结核病的KAP,这些医疗机构将结核病患者转介给国家参考实验室进行测试,巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡。在知情同意后,要求符合条件的医护人员对KAP问卷做出回应。KAP问卷由知识组成,态度,和实践部分,包括人口统计信息。使用IBMSPSS统计21对所有数据进行分析。应用单向方差分析(ANOVA)来计算针对不同变量的KAP平均得分。在ANOVA输出的重要数据集上,Tukey的多重比较测试用于成对比较。利用皮尔逊相关系数来探索两个定性变量之间的关联。非参数检验分别用于评估KAP得分与人口统计学协变量的差异。
结果:从2023年6月到7月,我们在ICT的医疗保健工作者中进行了TBKAP研究,巴基斯坦。平均年龄为33岁(26-30岁)。大多数招募的受试者没有接受过应对结核病感染的培训。结果表明,工作的医护人员缺乏对结核病传播方式的了解,最好的诊断技术,和结核病感染的收缩。卑鄙的知识,态度和实践平均得分为15.05(SD=3.96),83.68(SD=15.74)和6.31(SD=2.21)。卫生保健工作者的平均知识得分与他们的教育水平和职业显着相关,而与结核病工作人员的工作经验没有显着关联。态度得分与医护人员知识水平的皮尔森系数较弱(0.28)。实践平均得分与知识平均得分处于中等水平(r=0.40)。另一方面,练习得分r=0.29,态度平均得分表现出弱水平相关性。许多人口统计学因素与每个平均知识得分密切相关,态度,和实践。
结论:这些发现强调了教育的重要参与,职业,和更好的知识的专业培训,态度,以及与结核病相关的卫生保健工作者的做法。为了更好地管理像结核病这样的传染病,一支训练有素、专业称职的卫生保健工作者队伍对于实现巴基斯坦2035年结束结核病战略的目标非常重要,这是结核病负担第五高的国家。
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) as a foremost infectious disease adds massive burden to morbidity and mortality rate, despite of well-structured TB control programs around the globe. Inappropriate health care management system and poor implementation on standard in relevance to TB, remain some reasons causative to TB prevalence and its rising antimicrobial resistance. Health Care Workers (HCWs) laboring as a part of TB control system, are the vital warriors in achieving the goals of TB End Strategy by 2035. Their performance is influenced by their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward this infectious disease. This study aimed to signify the role of KAP score of health care Workers in the better control and prevention of TB in the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT), Pakistan.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice study of Tuberculosis (TB) among health care Workers, was done in ICT, which is the capital of Pakistan. The KAP of TB was collected for the 306 Health Care Workers from all the Islamabad TB referring health facilities which refer the TB patients for testing to the National Reference Laboratory, Islamabad Pakistan. Eligible health care workers were requested to respond on KAP questionnaire after informed consent. KAP questionnaire comprised of knowledge, attitude, and practices section including demographic information. All the data was analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 21. One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to calculate KAP mean score against different variables. On the significant data sets of ANOVA output, Tukey\'s Multiple Comparison Test was applied for pairwise comparison. Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to explore the association between two qualitative variables. The non-parametric tests were applied to evaluate difference of KAP score in relation to demographic covariates individually.
RESULTS: From June to July 2023, we conducted TB KAP study among Health Care Workers of ICT, Pakistan. The average age was 33 years (range 26-30 years). Majority of the recruited subjects were not being trained for dealing with TB infection. The results demonstrated that Health Care Workers working were lacking their knowledge about mode of TB transmission, best diagnostic technique, and contraction of TB infections. The mean knowledge, attitude and practices mean scores were 15.05 (SD = 3.96), 83.68 (SD = 15.74) and 6.31 (SD = 2.21), respectively. Mean knowledge score of Health Care Workers were significantly related to their educational level and occupation while no significant association was declared with working experience as TB staff. Pearson coefficient of attitude score with knowledge of Health Care Workers was of weak level (0.28). Practice mean score was correlated to knowledge mean score at a moderate level (r = 0.40). On the other hand, practice score was r = 0.29 with attitude mean score had shown weak level correlation. A number of demographic factors were strongly linked to each of the mean score of knowledge, attitude, and practices.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlighted the significant involvement of education, profession, and professional trainings in the better knowledge, attitude, and practices of the TB related health care Workers. For a better management system of infectious diseases like TB, a well-trained and professionally competent staff of Health Care Workers is important so as to achieve the goal of TB-End strategy by 2035 from Pakistan, which is the 5th highest burden country for TB.