Abstract：
Devaluation of alcohol leads to reductions in alcohol choice and consumption; however, the cognitive mechanisms that underpin this relationship are not well-understood. In this study we applied a computational model of value-based decision-making (VBDM) to decisions made about alcohol and alcohol-unrelated cues following experimental manipulation of alcohol value.
Using a pre-registered within-subject design, thirty-six regular alcohol consumers (≥14 UK units per week) completed a two-alternative forced choice task where they chose between two alcohol images (in one block) or two soft drink images (in a different block) after watching videos that emphasised the positive (alcohol value), and separately, the negative (alcohol devalue) consequences of alcohol. On each block, participants pressed a key to select the image depicting the drink they would rather consume. A drift-diffusion model (DDM) was fitted to reaction time and choice data to estimate evidence accumulation (EA) processes and response thresholds during the different blocks in each experimental condition.
In the alcohol devalue condition, soft drink EA rates were significantly higher compared to alcohol EA rates (p = 0.04, d = 0.31), and compared to soft drink EA rates in the alcohol value condition (p = 0.01, d = 0.38). However, EA rates for alcoholic drinks and response thresholds (for either drink type) were unaffected by the experimental manipulation.
In line with behavioural economic models of addiction that emphasise the important role of alternative reinforcement, experimentally manipulating alcohol value is associated with changes in the internal cognitive processes that precede soft drink choice.
Using a pre-registered within-subject design, thirty-six regular alcohol consumers (≥14 UK units per week) completed a two-alternative forced choice task where they chose between two alcohol images (in one block) or two soft drink images (in a different block) after watching videos that emphasised the positive (alcohol value), and separately, the negative (alcohol devalue) consequences of alcohol. On each block, participants pressed a key to select the image depicting the drink they would rather consume. A drift-diffusion model (DDM) was fitted to reaction time and choice data to estimate evidence accumulation (EA) processes and response thresholds during the different blocks in each experimental condition.
In the alcohol devalue condition, soft drink EA rates were significantly higher compared to alcohol EA rates (p = 0.04, d = 0.31), and compared to soft drink EA rates in the alcohol value condition (p = 0.01, d = 0.38). However, EA rates for alcoholic drinks and response thresholds (for either drink type) were unaffected by the experimental manipulation.
In line with behavioural economic models of addiction that emphasise the important role of alternative reinforcement, experimentally manipulating alcohol value is associated with changes in the internal cognitive processes that precede soft drink choice.
摘要：
背景：酒精的贬值导致酒精选择和消费的减少；然而，支持这种关系的认知机制还没有得到很好的理解。在这项研究中，我们将基于价值的决策（VBDM）的计算模型应用于对酒精价值进行实验操作后有关酒精和与酒精无关的线索的决策。
方法：使用预先注册的主题内设计，36名常规酒精消费者（每周≥14个英国单位）完成了两项替代强制选择任务，他们在观看了强调正面（酒精值）的视频后，在两个酒精图像（在一个块中）或两个软饮料图像（在另一个块中）之间进行选择。分开,酒精的负面（酒精贬值）后果。在每个街区,参与者按下一个键来选择描绘他们宁愿消费的饮料的图像。将漂移扩散模型（DDM）拟合到反应时间和选择数据，以估计每种实验条件下不同模块期间的证据积累（EA）过程和响应阈值。
结果：在酒精贬值条件下，软饮料EA率明显高于酒精EA率（p=0.04，d=0.31），并与酒精值条件下的软饮料EA率进行比较（p=0.01，d=0.38）。然而,酒精饮料的EA率和反应阈值（任一饮料类型）不受实验操作的影响。
结论：与强调替代强化的重要作用的成瘾行为经济模型一致，通过实验操纵酒精值与软饮料选择之前的内部认知过程的变化有关。
方法：使用预先注册的主题内设计，36名常规酒精消费者（每周≥14个英国单位）完成了两项替代强制选择任务，他们在观看了强调正面（酒精值）的视频后，在两个酒精图像（在一个块中）或两个软饮料图像（在另一个块中）之间进行选择。分开,酒精的负面（酒精贬值）后果。在每个街区,参与者按下一个键来选择描绘他们宁愿消费的饮料的图像。将漂移扩散模型（DDM）拟合到反应时间和选择数据，以估计每种实验条件下不同模块期间的证据积累（EA）过程和响应阈值。
结果：在酒精贬值条件下，软饮料EA率明显高于酒精EA率（p=0.04，d=0.31），并与酒精值条件下的软饮料EA率进行比较（p=0.01，d=0.38）。然而,酒精饮料的EA率和反应阈值（任一饮料类型）不受实验操作的影响。
结论：与强调替代强化的重要作用的成瘾行为经济模型一致，通过实验操纵酒精值与软饮料选择之前的内部认知过程的变化有关。
