山羊的跨界病原体对赞比亚等国家数百万农民的生计构成重大限制。因此,本研究旨在调查辣椒支原体亚种的血清阳性率。肺炎支原体(Mccp),口蹄疫病毒(FMDV),布鲁氏菌属。,克里米亚刚果出血热病毒(CCHFV),和赞比亚山羊的裂谷热病毒(RVFV)。另一个目的是确定血清阳性率和不同预测变量之间的关联,比如贸易和边境。2019年9月至10月,从七个赞比亚地区的山羊中收集了962份血清样本,其中四个有国际边界,其余三个没有。对每家每户进行问卷调查,专注于贸易惯例,管理策略和畜群疾病史。对于Mccp,根据群体水平聚类调整的动物水平血清阳性率为8.2%(95%置信区间[CI]7.5-9.0),FMDV的12.9%(95%CI12.0-13.7),布鲁氏菌属13.0%(95%CI12.1-13.9)。,CCHF的3.3%(95%CI2.8-3.7),RVFV为0.4%(95%CI0.3-0.7)。群体水平的血清阳性率与边境接近度和贸易之间的关联似乎可以忽略不计,除了每年至少两次出售山羊,这被认为是布鲁氏菌属的潜在风险因素。(OR4.1,95%CI1.1-16.0,p=0.040)。此外,检测到FMDV的群体水平血清阳性率与21只或更多山羊的群体之间呈正相关(OR3.3,95%CI1.0-11.1,p=0.049).此外,布鲁氏菌属动物水平血清阳性率之间的正相关。年龄增加(OR7.7,95%CI1.5-40.7,p=0.016),和CCHFV和家庭养猪(OR2.7,95%CI1.0-7.1,p=0.044),被发现了。对于FMDV(OR3.8,95%CI1.4-10.9,p=0.011)和布鲁氏菌属。(OR4.5,95%CI1.2-17.3,p=0.031),在没有猪的家庭中,动物水平的血清阳性率明显更高。据作者所知,这是第一项描述赞比亚山羊群中CCPP和CCHF抗体存在的研究。虽然血清阳性率与贸易和边境接近度之间的联系通常看起来可以忽略不计,建议在未来的研究中进一步评估它们的影响,最好通过深入的纵向研究,纳入不同生物安全措施和贸易差异的影响,例如,与季节性和贸易高峰有关。
Transboundary pathogens of goats present significant constraints to the livelihoods of millions of farmers in countries such as Zambia. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), Brucella spp., Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in Zambian goats. Another aim was to identify associations between seroprevalence and different predictor variables, such as trade and border proximity. From September to October 2019, 962 serum samples were collected from goats in seven Zambian districts, four of which have an international border while the remaining three do not. A questionnaire survey was conducted with each household, focusing on trade routines, management strategies and herd disease history. Animal-level seroprevalence adjusted for herd-level clustering was 8.2 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 7.5-9.0) for Mccp, 12.9% (95% CI 12.0-13.7) for FMDV, 13.0 % (95% CI 12.1-13.9) for Brucella spp., 3.3 % (95% CI 2.8-3.7) for CCHFV, and 0.4 % (95 % CI 0.3-0.7) for RVFV. The association between herd-level seroprevalence and border proximity and trade appeared negligible, with the exception of selling goats at least twice a year which was identified as a potential risk factor for Brucella spp. (OR 4.1, 95 % CI 1.1-16.0, p = 0.040). In addition, a positive association between herd-level seroprevalence of FMDV and a herd size of 21 goats or more (OR 3.3, 95 % CI 1.0-11.1, p = 0.049) was detected. Also, positive associations between animal-level seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and increasing age (OR 7.7, 95 % CI 1.5-40.7, p = 0.016), and CCHFV and keeping pigs in the household (OR 2.7, 95 % CI 1.0-7.1, p = 0.044), were found. For FMDV (OR 3.8, 95 % CI 1.4-10.9, p = 0.011) and Brucella spp. (OR 4.5, 95 % CI 1.2-17.3, p = 0.031) on the other hand, animal-level seroprevalence was significantly higher in households without pigs. To the best of the authors\' knowledge, this is the first study to describe the presence of antibodies for CCPP and CCHF in the Zambian goat population. While the association between seroprevalence and trade and border proximity generally appeared negligible, it is recommended that their influence is further evaluated in future studies, preferably through in-depth longitudinal studies incorporating impacts of different biosecurity measures and trade variations, linked to for example seasonality and trade peaks.