背景:在传统的波斯医学(TPM)中,人们经常使用草药输液作为治疗与高血糖有关的疾病的剂型,被称为“dam-kardeh”。传统上,马尾松的草药制剂。(E.)三氯霉素(DC。)博伊斯。(T.)丹参绣球花DC。前男友。(S.h),和JuniperuspolycarposK.Koch。(J.p)在伊朗用于管理糖尿病。然而,目前尚无证据表明其在控制血糖水平方面的有效性,其机制尚不清楚.
目的:本研究旨在研究传统剂量的植物输液在空腹和/或餐后状态下是否具有降血糖和/或抗高血糖作用,并为未来研究其潜在作用机制奠定基础。
方法:在空腹和餐后(有葡萄糖负荷)的2小时急性试验中,研究了传统剂量的中草药提取物对STZ-NA诱导的高血糖大鼠血糖水平的影响。此外,参与相关途径的酶在体外的潜在抑制作用,如糖异生(果糖-1,6-双磷酸酶,FBPase和葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶,G6Pase),碳水化合物分解(肠α-葡萄糖苷酶),和胰岛素敏感性(蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B,PTP-1)进行了评估。进行了急性毒性测试,并使用HPLC-SQ-TOF分析了植物提取物的化学概况。
结果:在空腹状态下,T.b,S.h,和E.b在降低高血糖大鼠的血糖水平方面与格列本脲一样有效。此外,所有三个抑制G6Pase和FBPase酶活性90-97%和80-91%,分别。另一方面,对于E.b,观察到显著的餐后降糖疗效,S.h,和T.b.基于AUC值,T.b引起与瑞格列奈治疗功效相当的降低。在调查这项活动可能的作用机制时,E.b,S.h,T.b在体外显示出PTP-1B的显著抑制(>70%)。最后,所有植物提取物均无急性毒性迹象。确定了几种可能有助于生物活性的化合物,包括酚酸和类黄酮苷。
结论:本研究支持T.b,E.b和S.h用于控制空腹和餐后状态的糖尿病。此外,发现这些植物富含具有降血糖和抗高血糖活性的生物活性化合物。另一方面,J.p,仅在禁食状态和90分钟后显示出适度的效果。需要进一步的研究通过分析化学成分和使用补充的实验模型来扩展这些结果。
BACKGROUND: In traditional Persian medicine (TPM), people often use herbal infusions as a dosage form to treat diseases related to hyperglycemia, known as \'dam-kardeh\'. Traditionally, herbal preparations of Eryngium bungei Boiss. (E. b), Tragopogon buphthalmoides (DC.) Boiss. (T. b), Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth. (S. h), and Juniperus polycarpos K. Koch. (J. p) are used to manage diabetes in Iran. However, there is no evidence of their effectiveness in controlling glucose levels and their mechanisms remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether traditional doses of plant infusions can have hypoglycemic and/or anti-hyperglycemic effects during fasting and/or postprandial states and establish the basis for future research on their potential mechanisms of action.
METHODS: The effects of traditional doses of herbal extracts on blood glucose levels in STZ-NA-induced hyperglycemic rats were investigated in 2-h acute tests during fasting and postprandial states (with a glucose load). In addition, the potential inhibitory effect in vitro of enzymes involved in relevant pathways, such as gluconeogenesis (fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, FBPase and glucose-6-phosphatase, G6Pase), carbohydrate breakdown (intestinal α-glucosidases), and insulin sensitivity (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, PTP-1B) was evaluated. Acute toxicity tests were carried out and HPLC-SQ-TOF was used to analyze the chemical profiles of the plant extracts.
RESULTS: In the fasting state, T. b, S. h, and E. b were as effective as glibenclamide in lowering blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats. Moreover, all three suppressed G6Pase and FBPase enzymatic activity by 90-97% and 80-91%, respectively. On the other hand, significant postprandial hypoglycemic efficacy was observed for E. b, S. h, and T. b. Based on the AUC values, T. b caused a reduction comparable to the therapeutic efficacy of repaglinide. When investigating the possible mechanisms of action involved in this activity, E. b, S. h, and T. b showed significant inhibition of PTP-1B in vitro (>70%). Finally, all plant extracts showed no signs of acute toxicity. Several compounds that may contribute to biological activities were identified, including phenolic acids and flavonoid glycosides.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study supports the traditional use of T. b, E. b and S. h for the control of diabetes in the fasting and postprandial state. Moreover, these plants were found to be rich in bioactive compounds with hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities. On the other hand, J. p, showed a modest effect only in the fasting state and after 90 min. Further studies are needed to expand these results by analyzing the chemical composition and using complementary experimental models.