■我们进行了一项多中心的国家研究(SEIMC-CEME-22),描述西班牙水痘爆发的临床和流行病学概况,包括疾病的管理。
这是一项回顾性的全国性观察性研究,由SociedadEspañoladeEnfermedadesInfecciosasyMicrobiologoíaClínica(SEIMC)和SEIMC-GESIDA基金会进行。我们纳入了2022年7月13日之前确诊为痘痘的患者,并参加了西班牙健康网络(爆发的早期阶段)。流行病学,临床,并收集治疗数据。
■共纳入52个中心的1472名患者,其中99%是顺性男性,大多数是中年人,98.6%是西班牙居民。主要的可疑传播途径是性接触,主要是MSM。6例患者报告职业暴露。40%的患者存在免疫抑制,主要是由于人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。只有6.5%的患者接种了正痘病毒疫苗。在147名患者(所有B.1谱系)中进行了病毒测序。皮疹是最常见的症状(95.7%),其次是发烧(48.2%),腺病(44.4%)肌痛(20.7%),直肠炎(17%),头痛(14.7%)。同时诊断的性传播感染包括梅毒(n=129),淋球菌感染(n=91),HIV(n=67),衣原体(n=56),乙型肝炎(n=14),和丙型肝炎(n=11)。479例患者(33%)未使用治疗。50%的病例使用对症治疗和抗生素。最常用的治疗方案是全身性皮质激素(90例),tecovirimat(6名患者),和西多福韦(13例)。1例患者使用天花免疫球蛋白。58名病人住院,1名患者死亡。
■西班牙的水痘爆发主要影响性活跃并表现出高HIV感染率的中年男性。进行了一系列异质治疗选择。
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a multicentric national study (SEIMC-CEME-22), to describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of the mpox outbreak in Spain, including the management of the disease.
UNASSIGNED: This was a retrospective national observational study conducted by Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica (SEIMC) and Foundation SEIMC-GESIDA. We included patients with a confirmed mpox diagnosis before 13 July 2022, and attended at the Spanish health network (the early phase of the outbreak). Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic data were collected.
UNASSIGNED: Of a total of 1472 patients from 52 centers included, 99% of them were cisgender men, mostly middle-aged, and 98.6% were residents in Spain. The main suspected route of transmission was sexual exposure, primarily among MSM. Occupational exposure was reported in 6 patients. Immunosuppression was present in 40% of patients, mainly due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Only 6.5% of patients had been vaccinated against orthopoxvirus. Virus sequencing was performed in 147 patients (all B.1 lineage). Rash was the most frequent symptom (95.7%), followed by fever (48.2%), adenopathies (44.4%) myalgias (20.7%), proctitis (17%), and headache (14.7%). Simultaneously diagnosed sexually transmitted infections included syphilis (n = 129), gonococcal infection (n = 91), HIV (n = 67), chlamydia (n = 56), hepatitis B (n = 14), and hepatitis C (n = 11). No therapy was used in 479 patients (33%). Symptomatic therapies and antibiotics were used in 50% of cases. The most used therapy regimens were systemic corticoids (90 patients),
tecovirimat (6 patients), and cidofovir (13 patients). Smallpox immunoglobulins were used in 1 patient. Fifty-eight patients were hospitalized, and 1 patient died.
UNASSIGNED: Mpox outbreak in Spain affected primarily middle-aged men who were sexually active and showed a high rate of HIV infection. A range of heterogeneous therapeutics options was performed.