Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The 2022 global mpox outbreak disproportionately impacted people living with HIV. This review explores recent evidence on mpox in this group, focusing on clinical presentation, complications, treatment modalities and vaccine strategies.
RESULTS: Recent studies have suggested that people with HIV diagnosed with mpox have a greater risk of proctitis and hospitalization compared with people without HIV. In addition, those with advanced immunosuppression face an elevated risk of severe mpox infection, which can lead to mortality. Comprehensive and prompt supportive care using antiretrovirals and mpox antivirals is crucial in this group. Although results from randomized clinical trials are still forthcoming, recent studies suggest that early initiation of tecovirimat can prevent disease progression in people with HIV. The non-replicative attenuated smallpox vaccine is well tolerated and effective in preventing monkeypox virus infections in people with HIV. Further studies are needed regarding long-term vaccine effectiveness for this population.
CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating the risk of severe mpox in people living with HIV requires assessing the level of immune suppression and viral control. Universal access to vaccination is imperative to prevent the resurgence of future outbreaks.
RESULTS: Recent studies have suggested that people with HIV diagnosed with mpox have a greater risk of proctitis and hospitalization compared with people without HIV. In addition, those with advanced immunosuppression face an elevated risk of severe mpox infection, which can lead to mortality. Comprehensive and prompt supportive care using antiretrovirals and mpox antivirals is crucial in this group. Although results from randomized clinical trials are still forthcoming, recent studies suggest that early initiation of tecovirimat can prevent disease progression in people with HIV. The non-replicative attenuated smallpox vaccine is well tolerated and effective in preventing monkeypox virus infections in people with HIV. Further studies are needed regarding long-term vaccine effectiveness for this population.
CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating the risk of severe mpox in people living with HIV requires assessing the level of immune suppression and viral control. Universal access to vaccination is imperative to prevent the resurgence of future outbreaks.
摘要：
目标：2022年全球水痘爆发对艾滋病毒感染者的影响不成比例。这篇评论探讨了这个群体中最近关于水痘的证据，专注于临床表现，并发症,治疗方式和疫苗策略。
结果：最近的研究表明，与没有艾滋病毒的人相比，被诊断为水痘的艾滋病毒感染者患直肠炎和住院的风险更大。此外,那些患有晚期免疫抑制的人面临着严重的水痘感染的风险增加，这可能导致死亡。在这一群体中，使用抗逆转录病毒药物和水痘抗病毒药物进行全面和及时的支持性护理至关重要。尽管随机临床试验的结果仍在公布，最近的研究表明，早期使用tecovirimat可以预防HIV感染者的疾病进展。非复制减毒天花疫苗耐受性良好，可有效预防HIV感染者的猴痘病毒感染。需要进一步研究该人群的长期疫苗有效性。
结论：评估HIV感染者患严重痘的风险需要评估免疫抑制和病毒控制水平。普遍获得疫苗接种对于防止未来爆发的死灰复燃至关重要。
结果：最近的研究表明，与没有艾滋病毒的人相比，被诊断为水痘的艾滋病毒感染者患直肠炎和住院的风险更大。此外,那些患有晚期免疫抑制的人面临着严重的水痘感染的风险增加，这可能导致死亡。在这一群体中，使用抗逆转录病毒药物和水痘抗病毒药物进行全面和及时的支持性护理至关重要。尽管随机临床试验的结果仍在公布，最近的研究表明，早期使用tecovirimat可以预防HIV感染者的疾病进展。非复制减毒天花疫苗耐受性良好，可有效预防HIV感染者的猴痘病毒感染。需要进一步研究该人群的长期疫苗有效性。
结论：评估HIV感染者患严重痘的风险需要评估免疫抑制和病毒控制水平。普遍获得疫苗接种对于防止未来爆发的死灰复燃至关重要。
