目标:在血管性痴呆(VD)中,突触可塑性受损引起的记忆障碍是困扰患者及其家属的最突出特征。事实证明,跑步机运动通过增强包括中风在内的动物模型的突触可塑性,对记忆有益。痴呆症,和精神障碍。本研究的目的是研究跑台运动对VD大鼠模型识别记忆和结构突触可塑性的影响。
方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:对照组(C组,n=6),血管性痴呆组(VD组,n=6),跑步机运动和血管性痴呆组(Exe-VD组,n=6),和跑步机运动组(EXE组,n=6)。Exe-VD组和Exe组进行为期四周的跑步机运动。然后,对VD组和Exe-VD组大鼠颈总动脉进行鉴定,建立VD模型。采用行为测试(开场测试和新颖的识别记忆测试)来评估焦虑样行为和识别记忆。透射电镜和高尔基体染色观察海马突触超微结构和脊柱密度。
结果:我们的研究表明,VD大鼠表现出明显的焦虑样行为和识别障碍(p<0.01),而跑步机运动可显着减轻VD大鼠的焦虑样行为并改善其识别记忆(p<0.01)。透射电镜显示,与对照组相比,VD组海马突触数量明显减少(p<0.05)。这些改变被跑步机运动逆转了,大鼠表现出更健康的突触超微结构,包括显著增加的突触(p<0.05)。同时,高尔基染色显示,与对照组相比,VD组海马的脊柱数量明显减少(p<0.05)。与VD组相比,Exe-VD组海马脊柱数量显著增加(p<0.05)。
结论:在VD大鼠模型中,通过平板运动改善VD相关的识别记忆与增强的突触可塑性有关。
OBJECTIVE: In vascular dementia (VD), memory impairment caused by the damage of synaptic plasticity is the most prominent feature that afflicts patients and their families. Treadmill exercise has proven beneficial for memory by enhancing synaptic plasticity in animal models including stroke, dementia, and mental disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of treadmill exercise on recognition memory and structural synaptic plasticity in VD rat model.
METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control group (C group, n = 6), vascular dementia group (VD group, n = 6), treadmill exercise and vascular dementia group (Exe-VD group, n = 6), and treadmill exercise group (Exe group, n = 6). Four-week treadmill exercise was performed in the Exe-VD and Exe groups. Then, the common carotid arteries of rats in the VD and Exe-VD groups were identified to establish the VD model. Behavior tests (open-field test and novel recognition memory test) were adopted to evaluate anxiety-like behavior and recognition memory. Transmission electron microscopy and Golgi staining were performed to observe synaptic ultrastructure and spine density in the hippocampus.
RESULTS: Our study demonstrated that VD rat exhibited significantly anxiety-like behavior and recognition impairment (p < .01), while treadmill exercise significantly alleviated anxiety-like behavior and improved recognition memory in VD rat (p < .01). Transmission electron microscopy revealed that hippocampal synapse numbers were significantly decreased in the VD group compared to the control group (p < .05). These alterations were reversed by treadmill exercise, and the rats exhibited healthier synaptic ultrastructure, including significantly increased synapse (p < .05). Meanwhile, golgi staining revealed that the spine numbers of the hippocampus were significantly decreased in the VD group compared to the control group (p < .05). When compared with the VD group, hippocampal spine numbers were significantly increased in the Exe-VD group (p < .05).
CONCLUSIONS: The improvement of VD-associated recognition memory by treadmill exercises is associated with enhanced structural synaptic plasticity in VD rat model.