几千年来,各种文化都利用大麻作为食物,纺织纤维,民族药物,和药物治疗,由于其药用潜力和精神功效。对其历史进行了深入的探索,化学,治疗维度为其当代理解提供了背景。许多国家将大麻定为犯罪受到精神活性大麻素存在的影响;然而,科学进步和公众意识的提高使人们对大麻相关产品重新产生了兴趣,尤其是医疗用途。被描述为一个宝库,\'大麻产生各种各样的大麻素和非大麻素化合物。最近的研究集中在大麻素用于治疗焦虑等疾病,抑郁症,慢性疼痛,老年痴呆症,帕金森,和癫痫。此外,次生代谢产物如酚类化合物,萜烯,和萜类化合物的治疗效果以及它们与大麻素的协同作用日益得到认可。这些化合物显示出治疗神经和非神经疾病的潜力,研究表明,它们有望成为抗肿瘤药物。这一全面的回顾整合了历史,化学,以及对大麻的治疗观点,强调当代研究及其在医学领域的巨大潜力。
For millennia, various cultures have utilized cannabis for food, textile fiber, ethno-medicines, and pharmacotherapy, owing to its medicinal potential and psychotropic effects. An in-depth exploration of its historical, chemical, and therapeutic dimensions provides context for its contemporary understanding. The criminalization of cannabis in many countries was influenced by the presence of psychoactive cannabinoids; however, scientific advances and growing public awareness have renewed interest in cannabis-related products, especially for medical use. Described as a \'treasure trove,\' cannabis produces a diverse array of cannabinoids and non-cannabinoid compounds. Recent research focuses on cannabinoids for treating conditions such as anxiety, depression, chronic pain, Alzheimer\'s, Parkinson\'s, and epilepsy. Additionally, secondary metabolites like phenolic compounds, terpenes, and terpenoids are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic effects and their synergistic role with cannabinoids. These compounds show potential in treating neuro and non-neuro disorders, and studies suggest their promise as antitumoral agents. This comprehensive review integrates historical, chemical, and therapeutic perspectives on cannabis, highlighting contemporary research and its vast potential in medicine.