间作药用植物在农林业中发挥着重要作用,化学,和土壤的生物肥力。然而,间作药用植物对油茶土壤特性和细菌群落的影响仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中,五个间作处理组设置如下:姜黄/C。油茶(EZ),姜黄/C.油茶(JH),Clinacanthusnutans/C.油茶(YDC),高良姜/C.油茶(HDK),和Ficussimplicissima/C.油茶(WZMT)。土壤化学性质,酶活性,和细菌群落进行了测量和分析,以评估不同间作系统的效果。结果表明,与C.oleifera单一栽培组相比,YDC和EZ对土壤化学性质有显著影响,总氮(TN)显著增加,硝酸盐氮(NN),可用氮气(AN),有效磷(AP),和有效钾(AK)。其中,YDC间作系统中油茶根际土壤中TN和AK的含量最高,比CK高7.82g/kg和21.94mg/kg。同样,在EZ间作系统中,油茶根际土壤中NN和OM的含量最高,高于CK的722.33mg/kg和2.36g/kg,分别。姜黄/C.油茶(JH)和Clinacanthusnutans/C.油茶(YDC)对土壤酶活性的影响最大。此外,YDC广泛增加了过氧化氢和酸性磷酸酶的活性;增加了2.27mg/g和3.21mg/g,分别。而JH明显提高了脲酶活性,间作植物根际土壤中细菌种群的多样性下降,特别是YDC和HDK的香农指数。与单一文化组相比,JH和YDC的细菌群落丰度和结构差异很大。YDC中放线菌和厚壁菌的相对丰度增加,JH中酸杆菌和粘球菌的含量增加。根据冗余分析(RDA),pH值,总钾,土壤过氧化氢酶活性是影响间作系统微生物群落结构的主要因素。总之,JH和YDC间作增加了优势细菌群落的相对丰度,改善了微生物群落结构,提高了土壤养分和酶活性。因此,在未来,这两种药用植物可用于与油菜籽间作。
Intercropping medicinal plants plays an important role in agroforestry that can improve the physical, chemical, and biological fertility of soil. However, the influence of intercropping medicinal plants on the Camellia oleifera soil properties and bacterial communities remains elusive. In this study, five intercropping treatment groups were set as follows: Curcuma zedoaria/C. oleifera (EZ), Curcuma longa/C. oleifera (JH), Clinacanthus nutans/C. oleifera (YDC), Fructus Galangae/C. oleifera (HDK), and Ficus simplicissima/C. oleifera (WZMT). The soil chemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial communities were measured and analyzed to evaluate the effects of different intercropping systems. The results indicated that, compared to the C. oleifera monoculture group, YDC and EZ showed noticeable impacts on the soil chemical properties with a significant increase in total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NN), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK). Among them, the content of TN and AK in the rhizosphere soil of Camellia oleifera in the YDC intercropping system was the highest, which was 7.82 g/kg and 21.94 mg/kg higher than CK. Similarly, in the EZ intercropping system, the content of NN and OM in the rhizosphere soil of Camellia oleifera was the highest, which was higher than that of CK at 722.33 mg/kg and 2.36 g/kg, respectively. Curcuma longa/C. oleifera (JH) and Clinacanthus nutans/C. oleifera (YDC) had the most effect on soil enzyme activities. Furthermore, YDC extensively increased the activities of hydrogen peroxide and acid phosphatase enzymes; the increase was 2.27 mg/g and 3.21 mg/g, respectively. While JH obviously increased the urease activity, the diversity of bacterial populations in the rhizosphere soil of the intercropping plants decreased, especially the Shannon index of YDC and HDK. Compared with the monoculture group, the bacterial community abundance and structure of JH and YDC were quite different. The relative abundance of Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes was increased in YDC, and that of Acidobacteriota and Myxococcota was increased in JH. According to the redundancy analysis (RDA), pH, total potassium, and soil catalase activity were identified as the main factors influencing the microbial community structure of the intercropping systems. In conclusion, intercropping with JH and YDC increased the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial communities, improved the microbial community structure, and enhanced the soil nutrients and enzyme activities. Therefore, in the future, these two medicinal plants can be used for intercropping with C. oleifera.