背景:社会孤独感是工业化国家普遍存在的问题,可能导致不良的健康结果,包括过早死亡的风险增加26%,冠心病,中风,抑郁症,认知障碍,和老年痴呆症。英国政府实施了一项名为“互联社会”的战略,其中包括社会处方,一种医疗保健模式,初级保健医生与当地社区合作开出非药物干预措施,以解决社交孤独问题。尽管努力评估其有效性,医疗保健专业人员和政策制定者强调缺乏强有力的证据,表明需要基于证据的计划,在全球范围内传播社会处方。
目的:本研究旨在确定2018年社会处方的全球趋势。为此,我们打算收集和分析全球范围内与社会处方相关的单词,并通过对社会处方的核心领域进行分类来评估相关单词的各种趋势。基于这些发现,我们建议为实施社会处方提供证据。
方法:收集Google的可搜索数据,以分析与社交处方相关的在线数据。在网络爬行的帮助下,从2018年到2022年的五年期间,共收集了3796条新闻。选择关键主题以识别与社交处方相关的每个主要主题的关键词。主题分为四类,即健康,Program,治理,和目标,然后选择每个主题的关键词。文本挖掘用于确定从新数据中收集的单词的重要性。
结果:从Google新闻数据库中收集的与社交处方相关的单词生成了单词云,其中2018年为128,2019年为432,2020年为566,2021年为748,2022年为1922,在2018年至2022年(5年)之间增长了近15倍。如健康,处方,和全科医生在所有年份的列表中频率最高。在2020年至2021年之间,COVID,园艺,和英国被发现是高度相关的词。2022年,NHS和英国排名靠前。本文研究了健康,社会处方相关术语的频率和分类(2018-2022)Program,治理,和目标类别。主要发现包括从2020年开始增加“健康”术语,“园艺”在“计划”中的突出地位,“社区”跨类别增长,和“目标”术语在2021年出现峰值。
结论:这项研究的讨论突出了四个关键方面:1)“健康”类别趋势强调心理健康,癌症,和睡眠;2)“程序”类别优先考虑园艺,社区,家庭教育,和数字倡议;3)“治理”强调了社区资源在社会处方实施中的重要性;4)“目标”侧重于四个主要群体:具有长期条件的个人,低水平的心理健康问题,社会孤立,或影响福祉的复杂社会需求。社会处方正在获得全球认可,并正在成为一项全球国家政策,随着世界人口老龄化的急剧上升,非传染性疾病,和心理健康问题。通过基于对角色和多部门伙伴关系影响的理解,引入社会处方计划,可以实现成功和可持续的社会处方模式。
Social loneliness is a prevalent issue in industrialized countries that can lead to adverse health outcomes, including a 26% increased risk of premature mortality, coronary heart disease, stroke, depression, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer disease. The United Kingdom has implemented a strategy to address loneliness, including social prescribing-a health care model where physicians prescribe nonpharmacological interventions to tackle social loneliness. However, there is a need for evidence-based plans for global social prescribing dissemination.
This study aims to identify global trends in social prescribing from 2018. To this end, we intend to collect and analyze words related to social prescribing worldwide and evaluate various trends of related words by classifying the core areas of social prescribing.
Google\'s searchable data were collected to analyze web-based data related to social prescribing. With the help of web crawling, 3796 news items were collected for the 5-year period from 2018 to 2022. Key topics were selected to identify keywords for each major topic related to social prescribing. The topics were grouped into 4 categories, namely Healthy, Program, Governance, and Target, and keywords for each topic were selected thereafter. Text mining was used to determine the importance of words collected from new data.
Word clouds were generated for words related to social prescribing, which collected 3796 words from Google News databases, including 128 in 2018, 432 in 2019, 566 in 2020, 748 in 2021, and 1922 in 2022, increasing nearly 15-fold between 2018 and 2022 (5 years). Words such as health, prescribing, and GPs (general practitioners) were the highest in terms of frequency in the list for all the years. Between 2020 and 2021, COVID, gardening, and UK were found to be highly related words. In 2022, NHS (National Health Service) and UK ranked high. This dissertation examines social prescribing-related term frequency and classification (2018-2022) in Healthy, Program, Governance, and Target categories. Key findings include increased \"Healthy\" terms from 2020, \"gardening\" prominence in \"Program,\" \"community\" growth across categories, and \"Target\" term spikes in 2021.
This study\'s discussion highlights four key aspects: (1) the \"Healthy\" category trends emphasize mental health, cancer, and sleep; (2) the \"Program\" category prioritizes gardening, community, home-schooling, and digital initiatives; (3) \"Governance\" underscores the significance of community resources in social prescribing implementation; and (4) \"Target\" focuses on 4 main groups: individuals with long-term conditions, low-level mental health issues, social isolation, or complex social needs impacting well-being. Social prescribing is gaining global acceptance and is becoming a global national policy, as the world is witnessing a sharp rise in the aging population, noncontagious diseases, and mental health problems. A successful and sustainable model of social prescribing can be achieved by introducing social prescribing schemes based on the understanding of roles and the impact of multisectoral partnerships.