介绍性别的确定可以是高度准确的一个完整的成人骨骼,但是在像大规模灾难这样的情况下,只有碎片可能可用。在这种情况下,识别性别在很大程度上取决于找到骨骼的哪些部分。下颌骨是颅骨中明显不同的骨骼,可能是确定性别的关键,尤其是当整个头骨都没有的时候.下颌特征提供了可以帮助法医专家确定个体性别的线索。研究目的这项初步研究旨在使用下颌参数如冠状支高度来确定个体的性别,髁突高度,射影支,最小支宽度,和最大的波幅。本研究的目的是(i)使用各种下颌参数确定个体的性别,(ii)评估这些下颌参数在区分男性和女性个体方面的有效性,(iii)根据测得的下颌参数建立可靠的性别识别方法。材料和方法由于这是一项初步研究,样本量计算使用G*Power软件(3.1.9.4版;海因里希-海涅-杜塞尔多夫大学,杜塞尔多夫,德国)。确定样本大小以保证在0.05的显著性水平(α误差概率)下95%的统计功效。为了确保足够的统计能力,总共包括100个样本,预计样本量为92。总共100个样本,平均分为50名男性和50名女性,年龄在20至30岁之间,进行了分析。显示病理的正交图(OPG),骨折,下颌骨发育障碍,无牙下颌骨被排除在研究之外。使用SPSSforWindows进行统计分析,版本16.0(2007年发布;SPSSInc.,芝加哥,IL,美国)。此外,准确性测试,方差分析(ANOVA),多元回归,对个体数据进行性别判别分析。结果在这项研究中,分析了五个下颌参数的性别,如冠状支高度,髁突高度,射影支,最小支宽度,与最大支宽度呈正相关,并开发了一种新的配方。结论根据本研究,全景射线照相可以被认为是性别确定的有价值的工具(准确率为90%),下颌骨的所有参数都表现出性二态,显示它们是可靠的参数,总精度为90%。然而,冠状支高度,射影支,在这项特殊研究中,最大分支宽度在确定性别方面发挥了重要作用。
Introduction Determination of gender can be highly accurate with a complete adult skeleton, but in scenarios like mass disasters, only fragmented bones might be available. In such cases, identifying gender relies significantly on which parts of the skeleton are found. The mandible is a notably distinct bone in the skull and can be key in determining gender, especially when the entire skull is not available. The mandibular features provide clues that can help forensic experts determine the gender of an individual. Aim of the study This preliminary study aimed to determine the gender of an individual using mandibular parameters such as coronoid ramus height, condylar ramus height, projective ramus, minimum ramus breadth, and maximum ramus breadth. The objectives of this study were to (i) determine the gender of an individual using various mandibular parameters, (ii) evaluate the effectiveness of these mandibular parameters in distinguishing between male and female individuals, and (iii) establish a reliable method for gender identification based on the measured mandibular parameters. Materials and methods Since it was a preliminary study, the sample size calculation was done using G*Power software (Version 3.1.9.4; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany). The sample size was determined to guarantee a 95% statistical power at a significance level (alpha error probability) of 0.05. To ensure sufficient statistical power, a total of 100 samples were included, with a projected sample size of 92. A total of 100 samples, evenly split between 50 males and 50 females aged 20 to 30 years, were analyzed. Orthopantomograms (OPGs) showing pathologies, fractures, developmental disturbances of the mandible, and edentulous mandibles were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows, Version 16.0 (Released 2007; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Additionally, an accuracy test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multiple regression, and discriminant analysis for gender were performed on individual data. Results In this study, five mandibular parameters were analyzed for gender such as coronoid ramus height, condylar ramus height, projective ramus, minimum ramus breadth, and maximum ramus breadth showed a positive correlation comparatively, and a novel formula was developed. Conclusion According to the present study, panoramic radiography can be considered a valuable tool in sex determination (with an accuracy of 90%), and all parameters of the mandible exhibited sexual dimorphism, showing they are reliable parameters with a total accuracy of 90%. However, coronoid ramus height, projective ramus, and maximum ramus breadth played a significant role in identifying gender in this particular study.