目的:最近的研究表明,诸如少肌症和贫血等合并症可影响结直肠癌(CRC)患者的预后。然而,肌少症和贫血对CRC患者生存的协同作用尚未全面了解.本研究旨在探讨贫血与少肌症的关系及其对CRC患者生存的协同作用。
方法:对1629例接受结直肠手术的患者进行回顾性分析。根据血红蛋白和骨骼肌指数(SMI)水平将患者分为四个血红蛋白-肌肉减少症联合分类(HS级):低血红蛋白/低SMI(HS1),低血红蛋白/高SMI(HS2),血红蛋白高/SMI低(HS3),和血红蛋白高/SMI高(HS4)。使用单变量和多变量分析分析与总生存期(OS)的相关性。
结果:总计,分析1024例I-III期CRC患者。根据HS等级的患者分配在HS1中为124(12.1%),在HS2中为298(29.1%),在HS3中为135(13.2%),在HS4中为467(45.6%)。OS的Kaplan-Meier曲线显示,根据贫血和肌肉减少症状态以及HS等级,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。与OS相关因素的单变量分析显示,在没有贫血的情况下有统计学意义(风险比[HR]0.550,95%置信区间[CI]0.400-0.756,P<0.001],无肌肉减少症(HR0.560,P<0.001),HS2,HR0.515,P=0.002;HS3,HR0.468,P=0.006;HS4,HR0.325,P<0.001。多变量分析表明,与HS1组相比,HS2和HS4组的OS显著改善(HS2,HR0.527,95%CI0.340-0.817,P=0.004;HS4,HR0.574,95%CI0.361-0.912,P=0.018)。
结论:肌肉减少症,以低SMI和手术前贫血为特征,与非转移性CRC患者的OS降低相关。
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have indicated that comorbidities such as
sarcopenia and anemia can influence the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the synergistic effects of
sarcopenia and anemia on the survival of CRC patients are not yet comprehensively understood. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between anemia and
sarcopenia and their synergistic effect on survival in patients with CRC.
METHODS: A total of 1629 patients who underwent colorectal surgery were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized into four hemoglobin-
sarcopenia combined classifications (HS grade) according to their hemoglobin and skeletal muscle index (SMI) levels: hemoglobin low/SMI low (HS1), hemoglobin low/SMI high (HS2), hemoglobin high/SMI low (HS3), and hemoglobin high/SMI high (HS4). Association with overall survival (OS) was analyzed using both univariable and multivariable analyses.
RESULTS: In total, 1024 patients with stage I-III CRC were analyzed. Patient allocation according to HS grade was 124 (12.1%) in HS1, 298 (29.1%) in HS2, 135 (13.2%) in HS3, and 467 (45.6%) in HS4. The Kaplan-Meier curves of OS showed statistically significant differences according to anemia and sarcopenia status as well as to HS grade (all P < 0.001). Univariable analysis of factors associated with OS revealed statistical significance in absence of anemia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.550, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.400-0.756, P < 0.001], absence of sarcopenia (HR 0.560, P < 0.001), and HS grade (HS2, HR 0.515, P = 0.002; HS3, HR 0.468, P = 0.006; HS4, HR 0.325, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that compared to the HS1 group, the HS2 and HS4 groups showed significantly better OS (HS2, HR 0.527, 95% CI 0.340-0.817, P = 0.004; HS4, HR 0.574, 95% CI 0.361-0.912, P = 0.018).
CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia, characterized by a low SMI and the presence of anemia before surgery, was associated with reduced OS among patients with non-metastatic CRC.